The Tale of Two Andrews:

The Story of Andrew Schrock (1804-1855)
and his son, Andrew (1842-1925)

by Donna Schrock Birkey
Originally published in the Summer 2011 (Vol. XXXVIII  •  No. 2)
Illinois Mennonite Heritage Quarterly (http://www.imhgs.org)
(Used with permission of original publisher)

This article, fourth in a series on descendants of Joseph and Maria Neuhauser Schrag (Schrack), highlights new information and expands on the dramatic reading presented by Debbie Birkey at the Illinois Mennonite Heritage Center’s Schrock Immigrant Day, June 18-20, 2010.

Andrew (André, Andreas) has been a recurring name given to Schrag males. The name shows up numerous times in my database beginning 1629, but in this direct Schrock line, our two main subjects are the first. One, adventurous enough to cross the ocean to a new land, marry and have a family, purchase acreage, conquer the prairie, and build a substantial landmark “fine brick house.” The second lost his father at age 13, was perhaps despondent about life, a loner and wanderer, and at times inconsistent and irresponsible. Many questions have remained about his later life and his death. Both Andrews came to a sad and dramatic end, but in totally different circumstances.

Andrew  (1804 – 1855) (André/Andreas).

1803 birth document of André Schrack, Gondrexange, Moselle, France

“Mayor’s office in Gondrexange, arrondissement of Sarrebourg, 14 Messidor XII of the French Republic [July 3, 1804], birth certificate of André Schrack, born the same day, about 8 a.m., son of Joseph Schrack, miller, and Marie Neyehouser, living at the said Gondrexange. The sex of the infant has been recognized to be male. The baby has been presented to me by the witnesses, Antoine Honquet, 36, mason, and Hubert Barthelemy, 40, school teacher, both living in the said Gondrexange. And following the declaration made to me by Joseph Schrack, father of the child, they have signed [the document]. Prepared according to law by me, Joseph Thiébeau, mayor of the community [commune] of Gondrexange, serving as public official for recording vital statistics of citizens [l'état civil].” ¹

About 30 years after his birth, Andrew was in America when his first child was born in 1835. We know Andrew was living near his two brothers in Dompcevrin, Meuse, in 1828 when he served as witness to the birth of brother Peter’s first child. Even though several descendants give his emigration date as either 1830 or 1831 and report he came with family, Andrew’s name is not on the Baltimore ship list as traveling in 1831 with his brothers Johannes and Peter, and sister Magdalena. His name has yet to be found on a ship list.

Sometime before 1835 and probably after arriving in America Andrew married Anna Oyer, daughter of Jacob Oyer (ca 1778 – 1885) and Suzanne Shertz (ca 1780 – 1829). Anna was born in Niderhof, Lorraine, France, and arrived with her parents in New Orleans on the ship Superior, December 4, 1830, after 53 days on the ocean. The Amish passengers, including the Oyer family, traveled on to Cincinnati, Ohio, arriving Christmas Day. Andrew and Anna’s first three living children were born in Butler County, Ohio. The family was in Illinois in 1842 for the birth of Andrew’s namesake.

Illinois Land Purchases.

Andrew may have first purchased land in Livingston County next to Waldo Cemetery², before settling in Tazewell County, Washington Township, about four miles west of Washington near today’s Sunnyland. However, on April 11, 1839, Andrew made his first purchase of land in Tazewell County—168 acres from Benjamin Rediger in the northwest corner of Section 18, Township 26N.³ The purchase price was $1000.

It seems the Minch family was selling off their land holdings in the spring of 1850. Adam Minch sold 40 acres to Andrew for $600; John Minch was paid $500 for 40 acres, excepting a small tract of land deeded to the Lutheran Church by George Minch. Later Adam’s wife Mary Ann sold Andrew another 80 acres for $100.

The Schrock family is named in the 1850 Federal Census: Andrew Schrock, age 45, born Germany, farmer, $2000 [of real estate]; Ann, age 35, b. Germany; Joseph 15, b. OH; Susan 13, b. OH; Anna 10, b. OH; Andrew 7, b. IL; Mary 5, b. IL; Peter 1, b. IL.

Twenty years later in early 1870, two children (Joseph and wife Mary Risser, Anna and husband Ludwig “Louis” Stalter) sold 240 acres to their mother Anna for $3200. Since both couples moved away from Tazewell County soon thereafter, they no doubt needed cash rather than the land they had inherited when Andrew died.

The 1873 atlas shows the owner of Andrew’s property to be A. Schrock—no doubt Anna, as head of family. Land deeds found⁴ show Andrew had purchased a total of 328 acres in Section 18, with the house towards the middle of the acreage. There was an orchard south of the house, a timber to the east, and a stream to the north.  Water and wood close by—necessities for a pioneer. But they had to drive or walk approximately ten miles to take a ferry to Peoria, the nearest larger town.

In 1877, all of the Schrock siblings agreed to sell 170 acres to David D. Augsburger for $1250. David was the husband of Magdalena, Andrew and Anna’s youngest child.⁵ On November 12, 1890, Peter divested his 120 acres to Louis and Katharina Reim and realized $5900.⁶   Two years later David Augsburger and his wife Magdalena sold 120 acres to William Keil for $8400. In 1893, parts of Andrew’s original acreage were owned by Louis Reim and D. D. Augspurger.⁷ Son Andrew was not named in any land transaction found, nor did the documents give a clue to the date of Anna’s death.

Perhaps it was after the 1890 sale that Peter and his wife pulled up stakes in Illinois and moved to Hamilton County, Nebraska, where all their children were married. Eventually they moved to California where both died.

Andrew’s oldest son Joseph married Elizabeth Rediger three years following his father’s death. Before long the family moved west to Kansas, then settled in California where most of his descendants live. According to Donald Roth, a Rediger researcher, Joseph fathered 17 children.⁸

Andrew began building a large brick home on his property before his death. It is told that his young children, Andrew and Mary, carried all the bricks for this home [from the banks of the stream on the property?].  One of the children in later years finished the house using the original plans that called for half of the second story to be used for church services.⁹

Cholera Epidemic.

Two Schrock families were torn apart by the cholera epidemic that invaded Illinois in 1855.

“…all four [died] of cholera in a short space of time, from Wednesday afternoon when Grandpa [died].  [He] contracted it in Bloomington the day before.  There was a funeral for him on Thurs. – the rest all well yet, but by Sat. night Grandmother went at 12 o’clock and Barbara a half hour later and John, 6 yrs. old Monday morning at 3 o’clock.  No funeral held for them.  The rest all sick with cholera.  Those who took sick at Grandpa’s funeral were Andrew Schrock, Grandma’s brother and Mrs. Ulrich. …This is the way my father [Peter Smith] gave it more than once and said how sad it was for them.”¹⁰

If we follow the chronology of this Oyer account, Andrew’s sister Magdalena’s family was stricken with cholera the first day of August 1855. Husband Christian Smith contracted it first, according to family tradition, after a trip to Bloomington. He died the next day, a Wednesday, and was buried on Thursday. Two days later (Saturday) Magdalena died. The following day Andrew, who had evidently become sick at Christian’s funeral and then stayed with his ailing sister on Friday, died on Sunday the 5^th of August.

The Smith family is no doubt buried in Slabtown Cemetery located near Congerville where the Smith’s lived. It is sometimes called Cholera Cemetery, but there are no Smith stones. Andrew, however, is buried near his farm in Guth Cemetery.

About six months after Andrew’s death, Anna signed away her right to administer her husband’s estate to Peter Guth (Good), but remains as guarding of the heirs. In his position as administrator, Peter’s opinion is that personal goods and chattels are valued at $275. A listing of personal property totals $1839, less the widow’s allowance of $691.50, equaling $1147.50.

One of the sale bills included in the probate file shows 9000 shingles sold to Lewis Tobias and Adam Keil for $858. A second bill was to Peter Guth for unnamed items, totaling $584.60.

During the personal property sale on March 15, 1856, items were sold to John Spring, Nicholas Roth, Joseph Onsecker (Unzicker), and Joseph Schick among others. Nicholas Roth served as one of the appraisers.

At the time of Andrew’s death Peter Guth owned the land on which the cemetery is located. It was a Guth family burying ground. Peter and his wife Susanna are buried there. Andrew’s wife, Anna, and Peter’s wife, Susanna, were sisters, and that family connection resulted in Andrew’s burial there. In 1873 the land on which the cemetery was located was owned by J. Oyer. This would have no doubt been Anna and Susanna’s father, Jacob Oyer, who died in 1885. In 1891 Christ Guth owned the land around the cemetery—most likely Christian, son of Peter and Susanna. Today, instead of being a small plot in a corner of Guth farmland, the cemetery is a fenced off area beside a busy road, surrounded by the commercial properties of Sunnyland Plaza.

Andrew  (1842 – 1925) (Andy). 

Andrew “Andy” Schrock

Andrew was the first of his parents’ children to be born in Illinois, on December 9, 1842. He grew up next to neighbors, Joseph Schick (1818 – 1898) and Magdalene Augspurger (1823 – 1893), who had a sizable farm and enough money to easily care for their large family of ten children. The father had served as a Pershing Army officer, was quite wealthy and loved his wine. He married his wife in Butler County, Ohio.

One of the Schick daughters, Magdalene, was a few years younger than Andrew and his sister Mary, and surely spent many hours playing with the two Schrock children by the stream that ran nearby. Perhaps she even helped the children carry the bricks for the house being built for the Schrock family before father Andrew died of cholera. Historical records indicate the Schick family worshiped with other Amish Mennonite families in the house after it was completed.¹¹

Marriage and Westward Movement.

Time passed and the children grew to adulthood. Eleven years after father Andrew died, Andrew and Magdalene were married in 1866. They were soon blessed with first child Magdalena, and with her in tow in 1868 they moved to Lamar, Barton Co., Missouri. Lamar was about 50 miles south of Cass County where an Amish Mennonite community had just developed; however, there is nothing to indicate the Schrock family had connections there. In two years little Elizabeth, “Lizzie” as she was called, joined the family. But trouble was brewing. As it turned out, Andrew wasn’t a very responsible husband and father. He came and went as he pleased and didn’t provide well for the family. There were some very lean years. With Andrew gone so much of the time, another child didn’t arrive until seven years later, when the first son Samuel was born; then Edward, and finally ten years later, Andrew, namesake of his father and grandfather.

The Andrew Schrock Family ca. 1902 Elizabeth, Magdalena, Andrew, Samuel, Edward Family tradition says Andrew and Magdalena did not want to sit close in this photo. Thus, son Andrew stands between them.

Magdalena Schick Schrock with her three boys ca. 1892: Samuel, Edward, Andrew

The family could not continue living with constant uncertainty, not knowing where money for food and clothing would come from. During 1888 the two girls were married to men from Nebraska—Edward King and William Unzicker—and so Magdalene decided to move with the children to Nebraska the next year. The girls and Magdalene rode in the passenger section of an immigrant train and the men rode in the baggage car. Andrew remained behind in Missouri where he worked as a blacksmith.

After the move Magdalene and the children seldom saw or heard from Andrew. He would occasionally visit them in Nebraska. At the end of one of those visits during the early 1920s the family told Andrew goodbye, he walked off down the road never to be heard from again. Magdalene’s playmate and husband had in reality abandoned his family years earlier, but it must have been painful to finally realize Andrew was never coming back.

Andrew the Wanderer. Finally some Answers!

Where was Andrew in the years after his family left him in Missouri? What sort of life did he lead? So far there are no clues for the decades of 1890 and 1900. But 1910 finds him in Nebraska.

The 1910 Federal Census lists Andrew Schrock, age 67 living in Medicine, Lincoln County, Nebraska; he was head of household and a farmer. Andrew had a farm free and clear, indicating he was able to earn enough money to acquire an asset. He told the census taker his father and mother were born in France and he was born in Illinois. Ten years later, in the 1920 Federal Census under the name Andy Schrock, he appears in Linn County, Paris Township, Kansas; 77 years old, head of household, widowed, and a farmer who [a second time] owns his farm.

Andy’s age, birthplace, and parents’ birthplace match known information for Andrew in both of these census entries. The fact that he is “widowed” sheds light on thoughts and feelings about his family—he seems to have “burned his bridges.”  Andrew never shows up in a later census.

At age 77 Andrew is no longer a young man, but family acquaintances reported he had gone to Portland, Oregon, in 1924. His family advertised for him in the Northwest but received no response.  In my first draft of this article the next sentence was, “What happened there we may never know.” However, that statement is no longer valid!

During the first week of June I was browsing the Find a Grave website for an unrelated person and on a whim searched the Schrock surname. A long list of names appeared that I began looking through. When I arrived at name number 47 I did a double take. The name—Andy Schrock! The place—Sacramento, California—close enough to Portland, Oregon, to make me cautiously optimistic and a bit excited.

I clicked on the Odd Fellows Cemetery link shown beside the name and called the phone number shown. I was told they had been given minimal information about the names of some persons buried in the historic Sacramento City Cemetery¹² and decided to put them on line along with their own burials. I would need to call someone within the Sacramento County offices to find out if this Andy Schrock was who I thought he might be.

After quite a few phone calls I arrived at the Public Information Office of the County and a very helpful person emailed me a list of possible contacts. After two more calls I hit pay dirt! The very helpful City Cemetery archives volunteers filled in the rest of the story:  the record showed that Andy Schrock of Illinois died February 7, 1925 in Sacramento County Hospital at 82 years of age of pulmonary tuberculosis. He was indigent/destitute, a transient with no home. Andy was buried in Sec. 5-B SSW Potters Field, Tier 1, Gr. 156, along with many others like him, and without a stone.

But then I was curious about the Potters Field burial site. Several days later I again contacted City Cemetery archives office asking if they could identify where on their map Potters Field might be. Their answer sent me back to Odd Fellows Cemetery,¹³ for I was told that Potters Field is actually there rather than in City Cemetery. Another call to Odd Fellows Cemetery finally answered all the questions. I was pointed to the area on the map of their cemetery called Potters Field, and Google Maps revealed the cemetery that you will see included at the end of this article.

My research continued in the main Sacramento newspaper to see if there might be an article revealing the details of how Andy entered the hospital.  When the microfilm for February 1925 arrived I spent several hours looking through the pages of the Sacramento Bee, but was unable to find any further information. However, Andy’s descendants can finally put to rest their questions about his death, even if not every detail is known.

Andrew II’s Son Samuel.        

Samuel Truman Schrock (1876 - 1975)

Andrew and Magdalene’s son Samuel was born in Lamar, Missouri, and hometown of President Harry S. Truman. He was given the middle name Truman for Harry’s father, John Anderson Truman. After moving to Holdrege, Nebraska at age 13 with his mother and siblings and then living on the farm in a sod house six miles north of town, Sam learned to love and master all aspects of farming. As a family they worked hard and knew how to make the most of what they had. In the first year they broke 15 acres of sod. Sam showed his mettle that first winter when there was no money to buy fuel. He took his two brothers and with their two little white mules gathered 15 wagon loads of buffalo chips and corn stalks in order for the family to survive the cold winter with a little bit of comfort. Sam was the very opposite of his father.

Samuel’s mother sent him to a sod schoolhouse two months in the spring and two months in the fall. Every morning he left home carrying his own chair, walking one mile in rain, snow, sleet, hail, blizzard, or Nebraska heat, to sit around a long wooden table in the center of the [school] room.

Sam always referred to his mother as “my poor widowed mother” and would often cry when he mentioned her. She was not actually widowed but instead left her husband in Missouri and came to Phelps County with her five children by Immigrant Train. Her husband stayed in Missouri, worked as a blacksmith, visited Nebraska, but never lived here. While here, he used to sit in Sam’s gas station, barefooted, much to his son’s irritation.¹⁴

“He [Sam] was one of the pioneer farmers of Holdrege and farming captured him the rest of his 98 years. In the Phelps County Courthouse cornerstone is “one perfect corn ear raised by Sam Schrock in 1910!”¹⁵

While Sam put down deep roots in Holdredge, his brother Ed went to live in Burley, Idaho. Next he tried farming in Colorado but lost his farm in the Depression. He tried to get some help from his brother Sam to pay taxes to keep from losing his land, but the $500 needed was not forthcoming and he lost 1000 acres. Ed struggled financially for the remainder of his life.¹⁶

“Sam’s two older sisters were big, strong, healthy women who lived in a dugout in Phelps County and later moved away from the area. Lizzie moved to Wyoming and Lena [after the death of her husband, William Unzicker] moved to Chappell, Nebraska. They farmed and raised their children by themselves.”¹⁷ Elizabeth “Lizzie” was married to Edward King in the famous brick house west of Washington,¹⁸ but at some point the couple divorced. One relative remembered that Lizzie loved men and had a house on the edge of Holdrege, possibly a house of “ill repute.”¹⁹  She later lived on a 1280-acre ranch twenty miles north of Cheyenne, Wyoming, managing a large herd of cattle.

“In 1903 Samuel married Helen Sauer, and they bought a 1000-acre farm near Holdrege. Sam used his good business sense again and again. He bought a grinder and mixed his own feed using a scoop of corn, a scoop of cobs and a bundle of atlas sorgo. Using this method his cattle feeding program continued to show a profit. The Great Depression didn’t seem to have a great effect on him.

“After moving to town by no means did Sam slow down. He built one of the first service stations, and the first locker plant for Holdrege. He used parolees from the penitentiary for farm labor, and the results were successful. Sam was good to them and one stayed on with him for five years. Sam was a ‘go getter’, thrifty, and seemed to know how to make things turn a profit. He thought about retiring, but he couldn’t just sit around, so he bought an old hotel in Ragan and one in Atlanta and used the lumber to build a large building in Holdrege, The Schrock Building, for many businesses.

Sam Schrock’s gas station in Holdrege, Nebraska

“Sam was a true entrepreneur. He bought the ice plant and delivered ice to the railroad so travelers would buy his ice. He built an IGA grocery store, and during WWII when housing was short, he remodeled many old houses and apartments. Then, when in his 60s and 70s, he went back to farming. One of his sons said, “When Dad moved to town, he quit raising pigs and raised little girls, but it doesn’t seem that Sam ever stopped farming a day in his [98-year] life.’”²⁰

Sam’s daughter, Violet, had some negative memories of her “controlling” father, but she said she never heard her parents quarrel, argue or fight. She remembers the huge house her father built in Holdrege where she was later married, and that house was later described in the Holdrege Daily Citizen as, “the house that Sam Schrock built in 1926, now a Bed and Breakfast.”

Son Sammy had very distinct impressions of his father, Samuel, Sr., “He was ornery and self-centered.” One of his earliest memories was riding to town with his father in the 1914 Republic truck around 1920. His feet couldn’t touch the floor. Sammy thinks the truck was actually a 1916 model but his father wanted it to coincide with the year of his son’s birth—he wasn’t above stretching the truth to fit his pleasure! He was flamboyant and larger than life. Sam, Sr. had a love for music and passed this love on to several in his family.

Sam Sr.’s children remember some of his quotes: “Style and education ruin the country;” “I can talk myself into trouble and I can talk myself out of trouble,”  (his wife, Helen, on the other hand used to say, “Silence is golden,” and be embarrassed at what her husband said); “Hello, I’m Sam Johnson.” (Everyone knew who he was—this was just part of his personality. Sam was a Democrat and of German descent, but he managed to live comfortably in Phelps County with its preponderance of Swedes and Republicans.)²¹

The “ranch” (the land 12 miles north of Holdrege) was always important to the family, but Samuel wouldn’t sell the property to his son and namesake. He was ready to sell to another party but his wife Helen stuck up for her family and wouldn’t sign the papers. About 20 years later Sam Jr. and his sisters approached their 94-year-old Papa and were able to buy it—at more than market value! About this same time Sam’s children (Sammy was appointed conservator) had to take over his affairs, and Sam was furious at this loss of control and never really forgave his children for doing this. Sammy once commented, “Papa used to brag about me to other people, but he never complemented me to my face.”  This caused Sammy to change his behavior with his own children. He put his sons in charge of the farming at an early age in order to teach them independence.

Dramatic endings.

The life of immigrant Andrew ended dramatically during the prime of his life. He acquired a good amount of acreage, a productive farm, reared seven living children and had a good wife. He planned for and was building a fine brick home for his family that included a large room on the second floor where church services could be held on Sundays.  As it turned out, Andrew did not realize his dream. Instead, a deadly outbreak of cholera snuffed out his life and left his family without father and husband.

However, as often happened in Amish Mennonite communities, relatives put themselves and their resources on the line and made sure Anna and her children were cared for. A Tazewell County document exists for the $10,000 guardianship bond for Andrew’s children, dated August 10, 1857:

“Know all Men by these Presents, That we Anna Schrock, Peter Guth, Johannes Schrock and Joseph Schrock…for the use of Anna Schrock, Andrew Schrock, Mary Schrock, Peter Schrock and Madaline Schrock, minor heirs of Andrew Schrock, late of said County, deceased….”

The document contains the signatures of Peter Guth and Johannes Schrock (Anna’s brothers-in-law), Joseph Schrock, her nephew; and the mark of Anna Oyer Schrock. 

In one document Anna signed with her mark

In another document Anna signed her name

Peter Guth’s signature, administrator of Andrew’s estate.

Five years after her husband’s death the 1860 Federal Census reveals that Anna was carrying on successfully as a widow. She is listed as head of household, 45 years old, a farmer with real and personal property totaling $7000. Born in France. Children listed as Susan 23; Ann 20; Andrew 17; Mary 13; Peter 11; Magdaline 4. Counted with the family is Lewis List, farmer, age 21. No doubt Lewis was a hired hand helping with the farm work. Anna’s real and personal property totaled much more than her neighbors’, and $5000 more than the family reported in the 1850 census.

Father Andrew’s legacy was his loyalty within the Amish community of Lorraine, France, and his determination to make a better physical life in a New World where there was also the opportunity to worship God unhindered, and serve his fellow believers at whatever cost. He knew the value of hard work—a value expressed in the lives of several of his children and grandchildren, but unfortunately not so much in the life of his namesake. He was a visionary in his own environment, but didn’t live to see that vision completed.

On the other hand, son Andrew’s life and death leave mostly conjecture.

Did he lead a life void of happiness? It seems he did not miss his family or wish to reconnect, but was a loner all his life, without a community of support. The two census records from Nebraska and Kansas indicate that Andrew may have in his later years settled down sufficiently to earn enough money to own his farms, but they also show he continued to move from place to place. One wonders if Andrew had any connection to a faith community. Perhaps at some point Andrew remembered the “faith of his fathers” and made it his own. His legacy was not positive, in that his children were determined not to follow in their father’s footsteps, but rather live their lives as their immigrant grandfather had. Andrew was known to have said, “When I feel I can no longer be of use on this earth, I’ll jump in the river.” Perhaps losing his father at such an early age affected him more than his family realized, for he was never able to meet the challenges of providing for and loving a family.  His oldest son Sam always believed Andrew drowned himself in the Columbia River. Now we know that didn’t happen, but what did was just as heart rending.

**************************************************************

Sam Schrock sitting at the grave of his ancestor Andrew

Sam and Sharon Schrock of near Holdrege,
Nebraska, were unable to attend Schrock
Immigrant Day in June 2010—they had
crucial irrigation work at that time. Instead,
they spent a day in Illinois during a longer
trip in August. I had the privilege of taking
them to visit many of the Schrock family sites.
Of special interest to Sam was the
gravesite of his ancestor, Andreas Schrack,
in Guth Cemetery. He mused, “I never
thought I would ever be able to see my
great-great-great grandfather’s grave.” –DB

 ENDNOTES

---

¹ Neil Ann Stuckey Levine was kind enough to translate for me the birth document of André Schrack. She made further comments: There is no signature or mark of Joseph Schrack at the end of the document—at least not on the scan I received—and yet the man is not described as having been unable to write. And the fact that the father had to tap non-relatives to witness this birth indicates, as so often, that he and his family may have been perhaps the only fellow believers in town at the time. [Joseph Schrack did,however, sign birth documents of other children. db]

² Donald Kaufmann’s Stalter information says the land next to Waldo Cemetery in Livingston County is farmland once owned by Anna’s family. Anna married Ludwig (Louis) Stalter.

³ The deed reads: Benjⁿ Rutiger to Andrew Chrag. Years later in August 1915 in an affidavit filed in Hamilton County, Nebraska, Peter Schrock affirmed that Andrew Chrag was indeed his father Andrew Schrock. The error in the last name, he said, “was probably made by the draftsman of the said old deed, who evidently was not familiar with the correct spelling of declarant’s father’s family name.”

⁴ Carol Dorward, Collections Manager/Archivist for the Washington Historical Society, was instrumental in finding and sending relevant land deeds at the Tazewell County Court House in Pekin for my research.

⁵ David D. Augspurger was an ordained minister. According to Schertz Family Descendants: http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/b/e/m/Dennis-G-BeMent/GENE17-0004.html, David established a church in Goodland, Indiana, then conducted mission work in the Chicago area, and later established a church at Bethel, east of Pekin.

⁶ E-mail from Carol Dorward, Washington Historical Society, 25 May 2011. Louis and Katharina Rein, in turn, sold the property for $7000 to John Wenger on 1 December 1903.

⁷ The acres bought and sold as seen in the land records do not match. However, there may still be transactions that took place that have not been found.

⁸ Descendants of Johannes Rediger. Received from Donald W. Roth September 2005.

⁹ “Also, there is still a house standing which in the second story had a large room built for the purpose of serving as a Mennonite Church meeting place.  Families attending there were Schrock, Augsburger, Schick and Guth.  Other early names were Muench, now Minch, and Riech, now Rich.  Few of these names remain, their descendants have gone on to business or professions or to engage in farming in other parts of the country.”  History of Washington, Illinois, Sesquicentennial, 1825-1975, page 16.

¹⁰ Mary Smith Oyer’s account of her grandparents’ death: Magdalena Schrock (1811 – 1855) and Christian Smith (1810 – 1855).

¹¹ Ibid. History of Washington, Illinois, Sesquicentennial, 1825-1975.

¹² Much information can be found on line about this historic cemetery, begun in 1850 on land donated by John Sutter who laid out the city plan for Sacramento—a son of John A. Sutter of Sutter’s Fort—famous for its role during the California Gold Rush.

¹³ http://oddfellows-cmtry-sac.com/index.php.  The name of Andy Schrock will not be found in a search on this website.

¹⁴ Schrock Farms 1908-2008, compiled by Sharon Schrock and Nancy Morse.

¹⁵ Adapted from information given in the book, Schrock Farms 1908-2008.

¹⁶ Raymond C. Schrock e-mail, 2008.

¹⁷ Ibid. Schrock Farms

¹⁸ Johannes Schrock: His Children and Grandchildren. Unpublished manuscript by Willard Smith.

¹⁹Ibid. Schrock Farms.

²⁰ Ibid.

²¹ Ibid.

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Map showing location of Odd Fellows Lawn Cemetery near City Cemetery

 

Map of Odd Fellows Lawn Cemetery that includes Potter’s Field

 

Goggle Maps aerial view of Potter’s Field—on the left ed

Schrag, Schrack, Gerard
Schrock European Ancestry (abt. 1550-1772)

This material was used in the Schrock European presentation at the Illinois Mennonite Heritage Center’s “Schrock Immigrant Day” on June 19, 2010. The presentation was made by
Donna Schrock Birkey, a direct descendant of Johannes Schrock.

(The following is for personal use only and not to be used
in published form without permission.)

Ten years ago a fellow researcher sent me an article by Lorine McGinnis Schulze posted on the OLIVE TREE Genealogy website. It presents an intriguing theory about how many ancestors we actually have, and since it fits into our Anabaptist history I’m going to pass it on to you at the beginning of this European Schrock history.

If we double the number of ancestors in each generation, 2 parents, 4 grandparents, and so on, we can see that by the time we are back 10 generations, we have the potential for 1024 ancestors. But is this true? If we were to go back to the time of Charlemagne, we would find we had the potential for 281 trillion ancestors, each one living at that one moment in history. This is statistically impossible! So where did our ancestors go?

It is estimated that 80% of the marriages in history were between second cousins. Why? Because the population base was smaller, people lived in small communities and migrated within those same small communities. The theory in genealogical research is that our family trees are actually shaped like a diamond, not a pyramid. Tracing back a few generations gives a wider shape. Keep going and you find the shape narrowing, eventually, the theory holds, converging to only a few ancestors.

This may sound mind-boggling, but I’ve seen the truth of it, says the author, (as do I)! “I am back a total of 14 generations which takes me to the last half of the 1500s (as I am). I’ve found that in two cases so far, I am descended from more than one child of one specific couple (as I am)….[as you can see, the gene pool is narrowing along the way].

I won’t give you her family specifics, but if that happens often in the earlier generations (and it does) you can see the shape your ancestral tree is taking—a diamond. Genealogy is fascinating, and becomes even more so when we make human contacts in present-day times–like today’s Schrock Immigrant Day event where we are meeting cousins we didn’t know we had.

Now let’s take a look at our European ancestry!

* * * * *

The surname Schrag has its origins in Switzerland. As Schrags moved into France and Germany the name took on phonetic forms of the verbal German pronunciation. Family members who could not read or write had little way of knowing what the magistrate was writing when they reported births, marriages and deaths. At least one Schrag line kept the original spelling as they arrived in North America, but most lines became the anglicized Schrock.

Early history of the Schrags is not set in stone, but with the information we have to date I have put together a most likely (probable) short history of the beginnings of the Anabaptist Schrag family. In 1682 the Wyss family purchased a house in Leumberg, near Wynigen from a Hans and Uli Schrag. There is a house on Schrag land near Wynigen still occupied by the Wyss family (at least it was a few years ago), and if this is the same house it would date back close to when Hans Schrag was born in the village of Wynigen about 1550.

It was at that same time that Catholic priests such as Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Ulrich Zwingli were reading their Bibles and realizing that practices of the Catholic Church such as indulgences were not based in Scripture. They also realized salvation was by faith–not by works. This group of priests felt called by God to “reform” their church. But church clerics weren’t happy about this idea of upsetting the status-quo or giving up their power and authority over their constituents. Thus, counter-measures were taken. As a result of this struggle, Luther posted his 95 theses in 1517 and that act was an early beginning to what we now call the “Protestant Reformation.” A number of years later, other priests including Menno Simmons, feeling Luther and his reformer compatriots had not gone far enough in calling for change, began the “Radical Reformation.” This group of reformers became known as Anabaptists because of their insistence on adult, not infant, baptism and their strong conviction about living a Christian and “peaceful” life, shunning violence of any kind—going beyond just having good theology. They wanted to be known as the Quiet of the Land.

Many of their Swiss neighbors saw them as wonderful people, bothering no one and working hard. But the civil authorities saw them as peculiar and a nuisance, and ordered local authorities to run them out of the country if they wouldn’t have their children baptized in the state church, which by that time had become Lutheran in the areas around Zurich and Bern. These Anabaptists also refused to serve in the Swiss military. They soon became uncomfortable in their land and chose to pull up stakes and move to new territory that held the promise of religious freedom. Many moved to France and Germany and lived there for several generations, leaving their home villages in Switzerland behind, along with the land that was part of their family inheritance.

In the 1700 and 1800s, these families again needed relief from French and German military conscription, and began to look at the vast lands of America that would provide a place of religious freedom. Wave after wave of immigrants arrived in the U.S., found land they could tame and farm, settled in communities together as they had been in Europe and endured the hardships of pioneer living. They prospered by purchasing land, raising large families and living out their faith in God in their communities.

This is the heritage our Schrag ancestors have left for us.

* * * * * *

The Schrag family originated in their ancestral village of Wynigen, SW, and were identified as “Anabaptists” at Wynigen, Leumberg and Mistleberg in Canton Bern as early as 1700. A Caspar Schrag, born in Wynigen in 1685, was called an Anabaptist when he married Elisabeth Leyenberger in Jebsheim, Alsace, France in 1711.

But to go back a bit further, a Hans Schrag born about 1550 had a son, Hans, born in 1573 in Wynigen. This second Hans had three sons, Uli, Hans (who was the possible owner of the home purchased by the Wyss family) and Niklaus. One of Uli’s sons was named Niklaus and Niklaus had a son Caspar. That brings us five generations into the descendants of the original Hans Schrag of 1550. Our particular Schrock line stems from this Caspar (b. abt. 1710), through several more Caspars, the last being the father of Josef Schrag and grandfather of our immigrant family siblings.

We find our fifth generation Caspar living on the Ingweilerhof near Zweibrucken, Germany, in 1761.The Schrags there were part of the Amish “Haftler” (those who believed buttons were a luxury so instead wore hooks and eyes), along with families Stalter, Hauter, Esch, Eyer, Gut, Nafziger, Gungerich, etc. This group formed their own congregation at Ixheim where they built their own “praying house.” This was separate from the Mennonite congregation that was following “Knopfler” (those who wore buttons); Bachmann, Lehmann, Steinmann, and more. This information tells us our Schrag ancestors followed Jacob Amman as he broke away from the followers of Menno Simons.

Our Caspar (also found on French documents as ‘Caspard’ and ‘Gaspard’), father of Joseph and grandfather of our five sibling immigrants, was born circa 1744 and died on Sommerhof at Neuviller, Lower Alsace in1794.  He was a miller at Bischwald Mill and a cultivator on Belgrade farm at Bistroff after 1772. His first two sons, Andre and Nikolaus, were born while the family was still in Germany near Zweibrucken; Joseph was born in France at Bistroff.

After the death of his first wife Barbe Rouvenac, and soon after Joseph’s birth, Caspar married Marie Blazer. They also had three children. The first child, Jean, was born at Belgrade. Their middle child was born at the farm Oderfang near St. Avold, and the last child was born at Rhodes. At the time of Caspar’s death he was a tailor of clothes at Rhodes.  His civil death entry from Neuviller described him as a 50-year-old Anabaptist living at Rhodes, so it is likely he was visiting the Sommers family at Sommerhof at the time of his death.  One of the witnesses to his death was tenant farmer Jean Sommer, 63, the father of Joseph Sommer, and grandfather to the Sommers who came to Tazewell County in 1834.

In Rhodes many Anabaptist families lived on the farm Les Bachats, and it is probable that Caspar lived there as well, although he could have lived just around the lake in the village of Rhodes.

As you have no doubt noted, our Schrock family members were laborers. They did not own or lease these mills or farms, but worked for the owners. In some instances, Amish or Mennonite families actually owned or leased the estates, such as the Stalters at Kirschbacherhof and the Sutters at Hellmansburg.

Casper’s son Joseph was first married to Marie Engel in 1798. They had one son, Joseph, born 10 months later in 1799, and who died at the age of five. Marie Engel died sometime between 1799-1800. Very soon Joseph married Marie Neuhauser and their first child Johannes was born in June of 1801. Marie was part of the Neuhauser family that lived in Gosselming and was well known to Schrag and Engel families. Marie’s brother Jean served as witness to Joseph’s first marriage to Marie Engel. Thus, you can easily see how intertwined these families were and how quickly after death a new family was formed—we hope formed on love, but very likely as important was the need for someone to care for small children.

Schrag ancestors who lived and worked at the farm (and mill) near Bistroff are: Caspar Schrag b. 1744 (grandfather of our immigrants), lived at Belgrade when his son Joseph was born in 1772;  Caspar’s son Jean (Johannes, son of his second wife), was born there in 1773, and married there 24 years later.  Michael Salzman, father-in-law of Johannes Schrock lived at Belgrade for four years when three of his children were born. His daughter, Catherine lived at Belgrade in 1826 when she married Johannes Schrag.

Across the lake nearer to Bistroff is Moulin de Bischwald (in operation from 1682 to 1857)—connected to the farm in some way, as our families were involved with both the farm work and the mill work. The mill was housed in quite a large building, with a watercourse running from the mill to the lake: on the other side of the lake is Belgrade farm.

After his marriage, Joseph operated the mill in the little town of Gondrexange. His half sister Catherine and her husband Joseph Oyer operated the same mill at one time. It no longer exists, but there is a street named “old mill road.”

Many Anabaptists lived at Ketzing estate just outside Gondrexange, possibly including our Schrag families. Caspar, Joseph’s father and himself a miller, also lived at Gondrexange. He was there in 1804 when Catherine, daughter of his first wife, Marie Blazer, married Joseph Oyer. It is also the birthplace of three of Joseph and Marie’s children: Johannes was born here according to his marriage document, as were Peter, and Andrew. Later, Magdalena was born in Imling near Saarebourg at the Rimling mill, and Barbara’s birthplace is yet unknown.

Joseph lived at the farm Alzing for a time. Both of his wives were born there:
Marie Neuhauser in 1772 and Marie Engel in 1774.
Marie’s father, Nicholas Neuhauser, died there in 1798, as did his wife,
(Marie’s step-mother), Catherine Ritzieker, one week after her husband.
Marie’s brother, Jean, was born at Alzing as well in 1775.

Les Bachats is the farm across a small lake from Rhodes and connected to that village. (A bachats is a feeding trough, indicating the farm probably included cattle.) Today it offers bed and breakfast lodging to tourists.

At least two generations of Schrags lived in Rhodes:
Joseph’s step-brother Jean was born at Bachats in 1773
Joseph’s father Caspar was a miller and tailor of clothes in 1788
Caspar’s son Joseph lived there in 1797; he worked at the Bachats mill and was there in 1822
and still in 1826 when son Johannes married Catherine Salzman in nearby Blamont;
then Joseph died at Rhodes in 1830.

Hellocourt, a farm since the 1700s a few miles east of Gondrexange, is the 1802 birthplace of Joseph “Red Joe” Belsly (Pelsy). He married Barbara Schrag, youngest child of Joseph and Marie. Many of the original buildings are gone–destroyed in the war. Most of the present buildings were erected by the Germans after WWI, but several original structures remain.

It is not known where Joseph and Barbara were married, in France or in America. An account taken from Verna Belsley’s book states:  ‘Barbara Schrock had come to this country with her father at the death of the son Christian, to see that representative was found in this country for the goods shipped from France. Expecting to return they brot (sic) with them seed, bits of mechanical machinery, ideas and scientific methods with which Joseph Belsly was inspired.”

But we know Barbara’s father Joseph died in Rhodes and did not come to America. Of course, we can speculate Red Joe and Barbara could have been married in France, had a son named Christian who died in France, and that father Joseph made a trip to America with Barbara and then returned to France. However, if Barbara was born around 1812-15, she would have been 15-18 when her father Joseph died in 1830, not providing much time to be married, have a son and make a trip to America. We need more information before knowing how this all worked out with the couple.

Gondrexange, Rimling and Blamont are near Saarebourg in Moselle, Lorraine, as is Rhodes where Joseph died. But Robert-Espagne and Dompcevrin are farther north in Meuse, Lorraine, between Metz and Reims. There were Schrock families living in that area and our families must have gone there to find work, since Peter is listed as an apprentice miller in his marriage document. Johannes was a miller at Cheppe when his daughter Catherine’s birth was recorded in 1829.  These years in Meuse were unknown to me until February of this year (2010) when our friend Jean-Francois sent birth and marriage documents he found, revealing details of the final years in Europe for three of our immigrants before leaving for America.

*****

Quarterly List of Arrivals at the Port of Baltimore: April-June 1831

(Ship name not known)

Members of our Schrag family arriving at that time (all are under the name Gerard or Gerrard):

Johannes, Catherine and their children Joseph and Catherine

Madaline (Magdalena)  (age 19)

Peter, Mary and their children Peter and Madaline

Christian Birky (1783 – abt. 1840) has been added as a new name in the Family Histories section. He was son of Christian Birki (abt. 1700-abt. 1750) and the father of eight children. His wife is unknown. Thought to have had connections to Lutterbacherhof (near Saar-union) where other Birki families lived. Photos included.

Click on the chart: then again on the next chart to enlarge it.

This is the Zehr Family Ancestry Chart

This is the Birkey Family Ancestry Chart

This is the Schrock Family Ancestry Chart

The article is made up of three parts:

Part 1
From Ancient History to Switzerland and France

Part 2
The History of the Family of Peter Yordy (1815-1897)
The Yordy Siblings of Central Illinois—Peter Yordy, Christian Yotty, and Jacobina (Philabena) Yordy

Part 3
Yordy Addendum
French Birth Records and Ancestry of Peter Yordy

.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .

Part 1
From Ancient History to Switzerland and France

By Gary L. Yordy
Originally published in the Fall 2007 issue (Vol. XXXIV, No. 3)
Illinois Mennonite Heritage Quarterly (http://imhgs.org)
(Used with permission of the author and original publisher)

Introduction

This document explores the ancient and historic roots of the relatives and descendants of Peter Yordy (1815-1897) of central Illinois. The surname “Yordy” is the Americanized form of the surname “Jordi.” While the surname itself can be traced to Switzerland, this article will begin by citing the probable origins of the family long before the surname came into existence. By combining information from the historic disciplines of anthropology, archeology, paleontology and etymology with recent developments in genetics, Part 1 of this article postulates the movements of the Yordy ancestors from pre-history until the arrival of Yordy families in America.

It is difficult to imagine that the ancestors of the peace-loving Mennonites and Amish were at one time violent warriors; or that the docile farmers whose lives are tied to an agricultural lifestyle are descendants of hunters who survived by eating what they could find or kill; or that the ancestors of those who shun makeup and ornaments were tattooed and wore many “magic” objects to fend off evil spirits; or that those who treasure their relationship with one God descended from those who worshiped many gods and feared as many evil spirits. Yet every scientific and social discipline indicates this to be the case.

The newly completed genome project offers that somewhere in the relatively small group of early humans was a many-times great grandfather of today’s Yordys. He could be identified by a unique part of his Y chromosome known as “Haplogroup I”.

As segments of peoples began to spread farther from their origins, a mutation in the Y chromosome of our ancestor (then living in north central France) occurred—the development of the haplogroup “I1c.” This change would have been unnoticed at the time, but its significance cannot be discounted, for it is this change that allows us to “track” our ancestor using modern genetic investigation.¹

Arrival in Switzerland

“The Helvetii ² were the Celtic inhabitants of modern Switzerland and to a larger extent Southern Germany. They were described by Julius Caesar in his De Bello Gallico. Under pressure from Germanic tribes in their home territory, they were planning to migrate into Gaul (France) with their entire tribe under the command of Orgetrix. According to his own account, Caesar was called upon by the Gauls of the province of Gallia Narbonensis, which had already been conquered and organized, to defend them from the invading Helvetii. Caesar, at the time, commanded six legions comprised of nearly 29,000 men. The Helvetii, according to Caesar’s writings, had 370,000 people (including children and women), but only 110,000 men-at-arms. Caesar hastily recruited two more fresh legions in preparation. By the time the tribe began its march, Orgetorix had died. Before leaving, the Helvetii burned their villages and destroyed what foodstuff and other commodities they could not take with them so they could not turn back. Lured to a disadvantageous position with the Romans taking the high ground near the Aedui capital of Bibracte, the Helvetii were attacked by the superior Roman forces that managed to kill nearly sixty percent of the tribe and capture another twenty percent as slaves. The remaining Helvetii were driven back into their old lands, Helvetti.” The Romans then began an occupation of the Helvetti lands (in what is now Switzerland) that would last 400 years. It is thus virtually certain that at the time of the birth of Jesus, our ancestor was also living under Roman rule, but far to the north of Bethlehem, in the area that today is far southern Germany or northern Switzerland.

If our ancestor was a Helvettian, he was one of the few to survive the ill-fated encounter with the Roman armies. But our ancestor may have been a member of a tribe located in southern Germany—the Alemannians. “The Alemannians crossed the fortified northern Roman boundary and settled in the area. German became the language of lands occupied by the Alemannians.”³ Of course, the populace had to deal with all of the daily dangers of accidents, diseases, including plague, and the impacts of weather on their lives. Our ancestor, like others of the time, presumably lived in a very humble thatched stone or sod home. He may have had a small plot of land on which to raise grains for bread.

Whether a surviving Helvettian, or a recently transplanted Allemanian, our ancestor’s life was greatly influenced by the Roman Empire. Between 900 and 1490, the lands of modern Switzerland that were once part of the Holy Roman Empire were divided among various Germanic rulers. In 1191 the city of Berne, Switzerland, was founded by Duke Berchtold V of Zharingen. In 1218 municipal rights were confirmed on the city by King Freiderich II of the German empire. At about this time, as with the rest of Europe, men were forced to adopt surnames. Precisely when this happened in Switzerland is unclear. The bulk of European surnames in countries such as England and France was formed in the 13th and 14th centuries. The process started earlier and continued in some places into the 19th century, but the norm is that in the 11th century people did not have surnames, whereas by the 15th century they did.

During this period, the Catholic Church slowly expanded its influence among the locals. One of the many indirect impacts was to influence “given names.” Converts began to give their children “Christian” names––names for early saints or biblical names. Our ancestor lived in close proximity to the first Roman Catholic bishop of Octodorus, named St. Theodore, in the Martigny-Valais district of southern Switzerland. In Swiss, he was called “St. Joder.” Sometime around 1100-1200 our ancestor chose or was assigned the surname “Joder.” Most of the descendants of this ancestor would come to be known as “Yoder” in America. Recent findings in Y-DNA tests confirm that the Yoders who originated in Switzerland and are found scattered throughout America today, and the Yordys from Switzerland, shared a common ancestor some 600 years ago. The first historic record of a man with the surname “Joder” is found in 1260 when Peter Joder from Joderhubel (“Joder Hill,” two kilometers west of Schangnau, Switzerland) is identified in a civil document. ⁴

Whether the surname was selected in honor of St. Joder, or whether it was derived from the residence of our Joder ancestor is unknown. Numerous places and geographical features bear the name Joder, such as the mountain called the Joderhorn in the French-speaking Alps; the small mountain church Saint Joder at Altzellen between Stans and Engelberg; and Joder Spring and Joder Pass in the high Alps of the French-speaking region. In the village church at Niederwald in Canton Valais there is a lovely ceiling painting with the legend, “How Saint Joder [Theodore] Multiplied the Wine.” All these may be taken as signs of the antiquity of the Joder family and the fact that Volume 4 of the Historical–Biographical Lexicon of Switzerland lists “JODER—very old, settled clan from Steffisburg,” speaks for itself.

Our Joder ancestors were not mere peasants and breeders of livestock. They were involved in commercial ventures: grain mills, tanneries, sawmills, brick factories, oil mills, fulling mills [for making felt], and stamping mills. They are also represented from early on in high offices of the regional and village administration.

“There is no doubt that Joders living in the Huttwyl and Joders in the Steffisburg-Amseligen-Thun and Sigriswil areas are a single clan from the earliest Middle Ages.”⁵ While most of the American Yoders appear to have emanated from the Steffisburg Joders, it is probable that the Huttwyl-area Joders are more closely related to the American Yordys.

Beginning around 1300, the city of Bern expanded its governmental control over surrounding lands. By 1328 the expansion had included the purchase of the city of Thun and in 1353 Bern became a “Canton” and joined the Swiss Federation. The lands encompassed by Canton Bern were areas where the Joder clan lived.

At some point between 1250 and 1530, one Joder man who lived in Canton Bern (probably in the area of Eriswil or Huttwyl) had the spelling of his surname changed from Joder to Jordi. Whether this name change was volitional or the result of spelling errors on the part of some bureaucrat is unknown. But the name change persisted. In 1530 a man named Jordi (no given name) is identified in Gondiswil. In 1550 his son, Johannes or Hans Jordi, was born in Gondiswil, and in 1554 a second son, Balthasar Jordi, was born there.⁶ It is possible that one of these brothers was the progenitor of the Anabaptist and Mennonite Jordis, though no direct link has been proven to date. Balthasar had fifteen children; most stayed in the Gondiswil area for generations. In the 1840s one descendant joined the Mormon Church and emigrated to Utah.

Although Canton Bern, Switzerland is the birthplace of the name Jordi, there were at least three other areas of Europe where a similar name originated. In Spain and in southern France two biologically unrelated families chose the surname “Jordy,” and in the Netherlands a family adopted the surname “Jorda.” These families selected the name after a different saint—St. George. These Jordy and Jorda families are mentioned because some members of the families subsequently emigrated to America and [very few] had their names Americanized to Yordy; however, the vast majority maintained the native spelling of their surname.

The earliest Swiss Jordis were members of the Catholic Church as were virtually all people of Switzerland before 1520. In 1519, John Calvin and Ulrich Zwingli, former priests and political leaders in Zurich, began the Protestant Reformed Church. Within five years of the initiation, several members split from the church over the issue of infant baptism. These “Anabaptists” became known as the “Swiss Brethren.” The first congregation of historical record was found in Zurich in 1525 and was the congregation that later became known as “Mennists,” and shortly thereafter, Mennonites, after Menno Simons.

Reformation spread rapidly and on February 7, 1528, the Protestant Reformed Church became the state church of Canton Bern. The Anabaptist movement followed almost immediately in the Canton. The following 200 years saw multiple efforts on the part of the government and the state church to eliminate the Anabaptist movement. These efforts have been extensively chronicled in the history of the Mennonite Church.

Precisely when our ancestor joined the Anabaptist movement is unclear. By 1597, at least some Joders from the area of Thun had joined the movement. “According to the Thun Urbar of 6 April 1597, the mother-in-law of Jakob Joder in Amsoldingen (Frau Neuschwender) was served with a confiscation order in the amount of two hundred pounds, merely because she was Mennonite and would not recant. Her daughter’s husband, Jakob Joder, signed a warrant for this amount, for which both his brothers-in-law were guarantors. Two hundred pounds was, in today’s currency value, a huge sum. The Jakob Joder family had an especially large and well-located forest of fir trees that was coveted by a Bernese patrician councilman who sought it out for a summer residence he wished to build. The Bernese councilman believed that he could now get his hands on this fir forest on foot of the fine warrant, but the sons of Jakob Joder confounded his scheme by cutting down eight hundred of the most beautiful trees in a few days. Heini Joder, the eldest son of Jakob Joder, was punished for this by being forced to do ‘bell work . . . .’ ” ⁷

Between 1550 and 1700, the Jordi families were living within about a 20-square-mile area of Canton Bern. Civil documents reveal the families to be living in the communities of Durrenroth, Eriswil, Gondiswil, Huttwyl, Ochlenberg, Wiler bei Utzenstorf, and Wyssachen in Canton Bern. These areas are located in the Oberaargau in the Swiss Plateau and are primarily agricultural communities. To date, the historical record suggests that most of the Jordi families remained affiliated with the Protestant Reformed Church. A few retained their Catholic ties. But by 1700, at least one Jordi family had joined the Mennonite movement. This occurred during a time of extreme persecution that included, among other things, confiscation of property and banishment from the country.

Arrival in France

As a result of the persecution, some members of the Jordi family left Switzerland. Around 1680, Johan Georg Jordi emigrated to Oberbetschdorf, Alsace-Lorraine, France. His religious affiliations in Switzerland are unknown, but in France he and his family joined the Lutheran Church. By 1712, at least two members of the Mennonite Jordi family, Jakob Jordi and Peter Jordi, abandoned Switzerland. It is uncertain how these men may have been related, but it is probable they were siblings. They were part of the second major emigration of Mennonites from Switzerland to escape religious persecution. The refugees traveled “down the Rhine to Alsace and the Palatinate on both sides of the Rhine, as well as certain adjoining territories such as Durlach or Zweibrucken. Since the earlier Anabaptists in these territories were almost completely wiped out by 1600-1630, all the later Mennonite settlements in these areas were made by emigrants from Switzerland. The heaviest movement was in 1650-1690. Some Bernese Anabaptists migrated to the Jura region of the Bishopric of Basel early in the 18th century, and about 1711 some emigrated to Holland. In 1714 the Anabaptists were ordered expelled from Alsace, and many left to found the community in Montbeliard, France, at that time ruled by Wurttemberg.”⁸ Montbeliard is located close to the Swiss border and about 12 kilometers north of the community of Belfort, France.

It appears that Peter Jordi went to Holland from Alsace about this time. From there he joined Dutch Mennonites on a trip to America in 1717. The immigrants traveled at the invitation of William Penn and settled in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. When they arrived, Peter’s name was spelled phonetically. Since the German letter “j” is pronounced similar to the English “y,” Peter Jordi became Peter Yorde, and later, Peter Yordy. He was the progenitor of the Pennsylvania Yordy families that later lived in Ohio, Kentucky, Illinois, Nebraska, and other western states. One of his descendants, Sam Yorty, became mayor of Los Angeles, California, a California congressman, and in 1972, unsuccessfully sought the nomination for President of the United States. DNA studies have closely linked this Peter Jordi with Peter Yordy who would emigrate from Bavaria to Tazewell County, Illinois in 1839. These studies indicate that Peter Jordi of Pennsylvania and Peter Yordy of Illinois shared a common ancestor, probably around 1700.⁹

Peter Jordi’s presumed brother, Jakob Jordi, remained in Europe. In 1715, he is identified as a member of the Amish congregation in Ste. Marie-aux-Mines near Belfort. It appears that some of Jakob’s sons stayed in the area of Belfort where some of his descendants remain to this day. At least two sons, Hans Jakob Jordi (1708-1752), and Ulrich Jordi, moved northeast into Germany. In 1732, Hans Jakob, his wife, and one child were living in Heppenheim.¹⁰ Hans Jakob Jordi appears to be the progenitor of all the Jordi (sometimes spelled “Jordy”) families from the area of Zweibrucken. Ulrich Jordi and his family left for the “New Land” in 1749 according to information found in the Palatine Mennonite Census lists.¹¹ However, to date, no additional information on Ulrich Jordi has been identified.

As noted, at least one of the sons of Jacob Jordi remained in the area of Belfort. He was apparent ancestor of Peter Yordy (born 1815) who would emigrate to Illinois in 1838.

Endnotes

¹ Family Tree DNA – Genealogy by Genetics, Ltd. 1919 North Loop West, Suite110 Houston, Texas 77008, USA
² http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helvetii
³ http://www.worldcoincatalog.com/CX/Switzerland/Switzerland.htm
⁴ Yoder Newsletter
⁵ http://www.yodernewsletter.org/nonamish/chronik.html
⁶ Genealogical record of the Jordi family of Gondiswil, Kt. Bern, Switzerland, abt. 1550-1905, compiled by Julius Billeter (1869-1957), p.60 ff., Family History Library International Film 128058, Item #3.  Original records in possession of Ruby M. Lee, 956 S.500 E., Orem, UT 84057.
⁷ http://www.yodernewsletter.org/nonamish/chronik.html
⁸ Krahn, Cornelius, Harold S. Bender and John J. Friesen. “Migrations.” Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1989. Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 4 January 2007
⁹ Family Tree DNA analysis of descendants of Peter Yordy of Pennsylvania and Peter Yordy of Illinois, 2006.
¹⁰ 1732 Mennonite Census List Reconstructed, URL unknown.
¹¹ Guth, Hermann, et. al., “Palatine Mennonite Census Lists, 1664-1793”, pub. Mennonite Family History, 1987.

Part 2
The History of the Family of Peter Yordy (1815-1897)

The Yordy Siblings of Central Illinois—Peter Yordy, Christian Yotty,
and Jacobina (Philabena) Yordy

By Gary L. Yordy and Carol Yotty Heilman
Originally published in the Winter 2007 issue (Vol. XXXIV, No. 4)
Illinois Mennonite Heritage Quarterly  (http://www.imhgs.org)
(Used with permission of the author and original publisher)

The following is an overview of the lives of three siblings who arrived in Tazewell County, Illinois from Bavaria between 1839 and 1842: Peter Yordy, Christian Yotty, and Jacobina (Philabena) Yordy. The family surnames are “Americanized” versions of the family surname, Jordi (Switzerland) and Jordy (France and Germany). In review of many historical documents in Illinois, a total of 32 different spellings of the surnames was identified.

I. Peter Yordy

Peter Yordy was born July 12, 1815 in France.1 His birth name may have been Peter Jordy or Pierre Jordy or Peter Jordi. It is most likely that his actual surname was “Jordy,” an Anabaptist name in the region and one that originated in Canton Bern, Switzerland. In Peter’s case, the surname Jordy was “Americanized” to “Yordy” when he emigrated to the United States.

At the time of Peter’s birth in 1815, the Napoleonic wars had just concluded, and by 1816 emigration restrictions in Europe had eased. Despite the end of the Napoleonic wars, 150,000 English, Prussian, Austrian, and Russian troops occupied the area around Belfort, depleting the crops and supplies of the residents. Then extremely prolonged, hard winters in 1816 and 1817 destroyed crops and widespread famine ensued.² These severe weather years were the result of the eruption of the Mt. Tambora Volcano in Indonesia in 1815. As a result of the eruption, an ash cloud spread around the world causing widespread weather disruption and the worst famine of the 19th century. 1816 was known in many parts of the world as “the year with no summer.”³ Presumably as a result of these factors, in 1817, when Peter Jordy was two years old, his family moved to Bayern (Bavaria).⁴ He stated he grew up “about 20 miles south of Munich.”⁵

Nothing is known of Peter’s early years. Peter apparently decided to leave Bavaria for America around 1837. A review of ships’ records of all ships landing in New Orleans in 1837 and 1838 reveals no evidence of Peter on any passenger list. This suggests that Peter may have come to America as a “stowaway” and entered the country as an “illegal immigrant”. The exact date that Peter arrived in the U.S. in 1838 has yet to be ascertained.

In 1839, “Peter Yorte” arrived in Tazewell County and settled on Partridge Creek (near Metamora).⁶ There is no known record of Peter’s life immediately after his arrival in Illinois in 1839. It is likely that he worked as a laborer.

On February 9, 1847, Peter married Mary Birky, an Amish woman with a nine-year-old son.⁷ The couple was married in the Dillon Creek Amish Congregation in Tazewell County.⁸ Mary Birky was born in Bavaria on April 16, 1816,⁹ the daughter of Christian Birki and his first wife, Mary, whose surname is unknown. Mary Birky Yordy’s first son, John, was born October 23, 1838, in Bavaria. Presumably, he was born out of wedlock.

On June 17, 1844, the ship Baltimore arrived in New York from Havre. Five people from Bavaria were traveling together:¹⁰

Peter Zerr 25
Joseph Burger 26
Catharina Kunder 27
Mary Burger 28
Johann Horn 6

It is believed that the persons written on the passenger list shown above were later known by more familiar names:

“Peter Zerr” = Peter Zehr. Probably the son of Daniel Zehr II and Magdalena Unzicker. Born 30 Dec 1818 in Mannreid, Bavaria, Germany (he would have thus been 25 in 1844). Married Elizabeth Oyer on 12 Aug 1845.

“Joseph Burger” = Joseph Birkey, second oldest child and oldest son of Christian Birki; brother of Mary Birky. Born 1818 in Bavaria.

“Catharina Kenntner” = Catharina Kettner, daughter of George Kettner and Marie Birky Kettner, and first cousin of Mary Birky Yordy. She may have been traveling as a chaperone for Mary Birky and her son on the voyage. She apparently returned to Bavaria and emigrated with her father and siblings in 1849.

“Mary Burger” = Mary Birky, oldest daughter of Christian and Mary Birki and future wife of Peter Yordy.

“Johann Horn” = John Birky Yordy, son of Mary Birky. He was raised as a foster child by Peter Yordy and changed his name to John B. Yordy.

One family legend indicates that John’s biologic father was a German army officer. [It is possible that John B. Yordy’s relationship to Peter Yordy as a “foster son” would have remained a family secret were it not for the fact that John’s daughter, Fannie Yordy decided to marry Peter Yordy’s nephew, Joseph Yeackley (see Jacobina Yordy, below). As a result, it was made clear that John Birky Yordy was not the biologic son of Peter Yordy, and thus was not related by blood to Fannie Yordy.]

In the 1900 US Census, Mary stated that she immigrated in 1847 and had “resided in this country for 53 years.”¹¹ However, according to her son, John, they arrived when John was age six—1844.

After his marriage to Mary Birky, Peter Yordy became the foster father of John Birky. Although there is no record that Peter adopted John Birky, John went through life as John B. (for Birky) Yordy. In 1850, Peter (35), Mary (34), and children, John (12), Christian (2), and Mary (1), were residing on a rented farm in Tazewell County.¹²

Historic records indicate that Peter bought his first land in America on January 30, 1852, when he purchased three properties located in Tazewell County from Abner Hodgson. The properties totaled 145 acres: two plots in south central Groveland Township (today located on the northeast corner of Allentown Road and Rowell Road) totaling 85 acres; and a 70 acre plot, about four miles south of the other two, in north central Elm Grove Township. Peter paid $1400 cash for the land. On April 17, 1854, Peter sold 25 acres of the land in Groveland Township to his brother-in-law, John Ackerman (husband of Mary’s sister, Magdalena) for $300.¹³

On February 28, 1854, Peter’s brother-in-law, George Yeackley (husband of Peter’s sister, Jacobina), died. Peter was named the administrator of Yeackley’s estate and the guardian ad litem for his four children.¹⁴ Five months later, on June 12, 1854, Jacobina Yeackley married Henry Raab.¹⁵ Raab died unexpectedly in early 1860 and left his family with a significant mortgage. When the mortgage holder foreclosed on the property, Peter purchased it for the cost of the mortgage ($620.15). On September 18, 1860, Peter entered into a “land swap” with a man named August Knoll. Peter sold Knoll the Yeackley farm land for $2000 and purchased a house in the city of Pekin from Knoll for $700.¹⁶ This house was located on the northeast corner of Sixth and Ann Eliza Streets. Peter apparently did this because Jacobina needed a place to live with her small children. In the 1861 Pekin City Directory, Jacobina and children were living at this address.

In 1860, the Yordy family included Peter (54), Mary (49), John (21), Christian (11), Mary (10), Jacob (7), Elizabeth (4), Phillip [Peter, Jr.] (5), and Joseph (2). They were residing on the Elm Grove Township farm.¹⁷ In 1863, Peter paid the US Government $100 to purchase the release of his step-son John from service in the army during the Civil War.¹⁸

On February 10, 1865, “Peter Yordy of Tazewell County” purchased 80 acres of land in Nebraska Township, Livingston County, from Thomas Kinnahaw.¹⁹ This farm was located on the northeast corner of what is now the town of Flanagan. There is no evidence that Peter moved to Livingston County at the time. It appears from the record that Mary’s son, John Birky Yordy, moved from Tazewell County in 1865 and resided on the farm until about 1871 (John’s children, Peter [b. 1866], Simon [b. 1868], and John [b. 1869] were all born in Livingston County, near Flanagan).²⁰ When Peter’s daughter, Mary, was married in 1872, she and her new husband, Daniel Orendorff, moved to the farm near Flanagan while John B. Yordy and his family moved to Lombardville, Illinois. On February 28, 1874, Peter transferred title to the land near Flanagan to Daniel and Mary Yordy Orendorff.²¹

In 1867 (a year after the death of his father-in-law, Christian Birky) Peter and his family moved to Woodford County where he had purchased a 200-acre farm from Andrew Johnson. This farm was located about three miles east of Roanoke, on Panther Creek. At the same time, he rented additional nearby land.²²

It is stated that, “He arrived from the Dillon Creek congregation and that he joined the Roanoke Mennonite Church, but was [also] active in the Panther Creek Church of the Brethren.”²³ This is apparently partly due to the proximity of the Panther Creek Church to his domicile. The Panther Creek Church of the Brethren is located about 1/4 mile from the Peter Yordy farm, while the Roanoke Mennonite Church is located almost six miles away. According to local historian, Ken Ulrich, it was not uncommon for Mennonites located a distance from the Roanoke church to be active in the Brethren church, which was apparently the case for Peter Yordy. Another explanation for this dual church attendance may be that when Peter moved to Woodford County, the Panther Creek Church of the Brethren was an established church, having been built in 1852. The Roanoke Mennonite Church did not form until 1875, eight years after Peter settled in Woodford County. At the time of his death, Peter was a member of both churches. Peter’s great-great-grandson and namesake, Rev. Peter Yordy, is currently (2007) the pastor of the Panther Creek Church of the Brethren.

Peter’s farm in Roanoke Township was located approximately 3 ½ miles north of a farm owned by “Christian Yotty” in northern Olio Township. On March 15, 1867, Peter and Christian Yotty were co-signers of a note to Jacob Gangloff in the amount of $800 bearing 10% interest.²⁴ The reason for the indebtedness is not stated on the note.

When Christian Yotty died in 1870, his estate showed a debt to Jacob Gangloff of $946.74, an amount consistent with the unpaid principal and interest on the $800 note.²⁵ This would suggest that Peter signed as a guarantor for a loan made to Christian.

In 1868, the Woodford County Tax Records record the following on Peter Yordy:
“YORDY, PETER, farmer; Secs. 13 and 24; P.O. Roanoke; was born in Alsace, France (now Germany), June 12, 1815; he married Miss Mary Burky Feb. 9, 1847; She was born in Germany in 1816; they had eight children, seven living—Christian, Mary, Jacob, Elizabeth, Peter, Joseph, and Barbara; he lived in Alsace two years before moving to Buron [sic], in Germany; lived there until 1838, when he came to the United States; in 1839, he came to Illinois, settled in Tazewell Co., followed farming; in 1867, he came to Woodford Co., and settled on his present place; he came to the United States without any capitol; he now owns 200 acres in this township.”

In 1870, Peter and family were still in Roanoke Township²⁶ where he was farming in sections 13 and 24.²⁷ In 1870 and 1871, Peter hosted a private school where Amish children were taught English by Christian Ehrisman.²⁸ The 1880 census shows Peter, Mary, and children, Elisabeth, Peter (Jr.), Joseph and Barbara, still on their farm in Roanoke Township.²⁹

In April 1880, Peter Yordi, et. al., filed two lawsuits in the Woodford County Court against Peter N. Vance, et. al., and W.M. Meek, et.al. Both suits sought declaratory relief and an injunction. According to the records of the Court of Chancery in Woodford County, the cases revolved around a tax issue. In 1879, the Woodford County tax collector sought to collect $7000 from the village of Roanoke. The city refused to pay. The tax collector then tried to collect the monies from individual landowners within the city boundaries. Peter Yordy was one of the landowners. He owned one acre of land that he had purchased in order to donate it to the local school district to build a school within the town. Peter and the other property owners of Roanoke sought a restraining order claiming the County could not turn to individual municipal property owners if the city government refused to pay required County taxes. The court agreed and held for the plaintiffs. The County appealed and the appellate court held that the original restraining order was erroneously filed and dismissed the case. Peter and the others filed a second suit for a restraining order.

That case was also dismissed and no relief was obtained by Peter.³⁰ As a result, the 43 property owners were required to each pay a prorated portion of the $7000. Recognizing that Peter had only purchased his property to donate for a school, the other property owners paid Peter’s share of the property tax.

Between 1875 and 1890, Peter bought additional land in Livingston County. In July, 1885, Peter transferred an 80-acre farm in Livingston County to his son Jacob. This farm was located in Waldo Township, five miles south of the town of Flanagan on what was referred to as “the Gridley Road.” Peter also purchased 80 acres of land in western Rooks Creek Township that was transferred to his son, Joseph. Joseph sold the property to Valentine Augstein on October 17, 1885.³¹ Joseph used the proceeds to purchase land in Nebraska Township near Flanagan from Serratus Holt in 1883³² and additional land from Ezra Winn in 1885.³³

Peter apparently retired from active farming in 1883-84. Peter, 70 years old at the time, and Mary, left their “home place” near Roanoke and moved in with Daniel and Mary Orendorff near Flanagan. At that time, Peter’s son, Christian, and his family moved from Livingston County to the “home place” near Roanoke. A second house was built on the “home place” and Peter, Mary, Peter Jr. and Barbara, returned to occupy this residence. On October 13, 1889, “Peter Yordy and his wife, Maria, of Nebraska Township, Livingston County” deeded eight acres in Woodford County to their son Peter Jr.³⁴ This transfer of title was apparently done to avoid estate probate.

Thus, land records indicate that Peter divested himself of all of his property prior to his death and that he transferred all of it to his children, likely in exchange for an agreement to care for Peter and Mary in their old age, and to care for Peter, Jr. and Barbara, both of whom were mentally challenged. In so doing, Peter and Mary avoided the requirement for a will.

Peter Yordy died on July 2, 1897, in Woodford County. He was survived by his wife, Mary, who died May 13, 1902. Both Peter and Mary are buried in the Roanoke Mennonite Cemetery.³⁵ To date, and in keeping with their faith, there has been no will or estate record found for either Peter or Mary—nor has there been an obituary identified for either.

Following the deaths of Peter and Mary, their two mentally challenged adult children, Peter, Jr. and Barbara, were cared for by their siblings. In 1901, shortly before the death of his mother, Peter, Jr. became the ward of his brother-in-law, Christian Bachman.³⁶ In the guardianship record, Peter, Jr. is described as “distracted.” Barbara (also described as “distracted”) subsequently became the ward of her brother, Christian Yordy. When Christian died, Barbara’s guardianship was transferred to Christian‘s son, Amos Yordy, and later, to another nephew, Ezra Yordy.³⁷

Children of Peter Yordy (12 Jun 1815-2 Jul 1897) and Mary Birky (18 Apr 1816-13 May 1902)

A. John Birky Horn Yordy (23 Oct 1838-31 Dec 1906) m. Magdalena King (13 Dec 1842-11 Feb 1927) (John was the biologic son of Mary Birky. His biologic father is unknown. He was raised by Peter Yordy.)

1. Fannie (5 Mar 1863-31 Oct 1955) m. Joseph Yeackley (15 Feb 1848-18 Jan 1940)
2. Samuel (22 Dec 1864-10 Jun 1865)
3. Peter E. (12 Mar 1866-23 Mar 1951) m. Annie Meeker (17 Dec 1868-13 Mar 1967)
4. Simon (14 Feb 1868-23 Oct 1953) m. (1) C. Knidelberger, (2) Katie Reinhart, (3) Amelia Schoenberg (Jan 1868-23 Apr 1945)
5. John E. (25 Dec 1869-7 Dec 1943) m. Alvina Lange (25 Mar 1870-21 Jul 1964)
6. Emma (23 Oct 1871-8 Nov 1958) m. Peter Swartzendruber (16 Dec 1869-3 May 1939)
7. Bella (24 Aug 1873-7 Oct 1962) m. Joseph Schrock (17 May 1852-6 May 1943)
8. David (16 Jan 1875-30 Oct 1934) m. Sarah Stauffer (18 May 1882-3 Mar 1957)
9. Jacob(15 Sep 1876-24 Aug 1883)
10. William (4 Sep 1878-23 Aug 1887)
11. Francis (4 Aug 1880-5 Dec 1898)
12. Mary (24 Jul 1882-27 Mar 1929) m. Joseph E. Zimmerman (19 Mar 1880-15 Dec 1949)
13. Elizabeth (1 Nov 1885-21 May 1965) m. Samuel Erb (22 Oct 1872-Aug 1938)

B. Christian Yordy (29 Jul 1848-10 Jul 1922) m. Salome Slagel (6 Sep 1855-21 Feb 1838)
1. Lydia (1876-1876)
2. Maria (7 Jan 1878-21 Mar 1880)
3. Daniel (1879-7 Apr 1880)
4. Salome (1 Feb 1881-28 Jul 1968) m. (1) Fred Woodward (1 Dec 1874-1922), (2) Edwin P. Burcky (21 Apr 1875-2 Feb 1962)
5. Joseph (1882-1882)
6. Amos (10 Jun 1884-1 Dec 1966) m. Jessie Switzer (21 Feb 1887-March 1977)
7. Joel (21 Nov 1886-9 Sep 1951) m. Prudence Bollinger (9 Dec 1886-July 1974)
8. Leah (12 Sep 1886-15 Mar 1976) m. (1) Unknown, (2) Stephen Armstrong (18 Apr 1886-9 Jan 1952)
9. Laura (Jan 1891-1 Jun 1929) m. Elbert Bryant (1887-6 Nov 1928)
10. Elizabeth (1 Jun 1896-Oct 1984)

C. Mary Yordy (19 Oct 1849-8 Feb 1923) m. Daniel Orendorff (8 Nov 1848-14 Jan 1918)
1. Elizabeth (24 Dec 1872-26 Feb 1960) m. John Roeschley (25 Aug 1859-24 Nov 1947)
2. Katherine (12 Jun 1874-1 Feb 1958) m. Christian M. Conrad (26 Mar 1873-6 Mar 1954)
3. Mary (1 Feb 1877-7 Nov 1908) m. John Zehr (31 Mar 1872-28 Dec 1916)
4. Emma (11 Mar 1880-11 Oct 1969) m. John D. Conrad (25 Oct 1878-28 Apr 1958)
5. Benjamin (21 Aug 1884-19 Sep 1885)
6. Amos (17 Mar 1887-23 Dec 1893)
7. Ada (12 May 1890-21 Jan 1984) m. Aaron C. Good (25 Jun 1881-29 Jun 1978)

D. Magdalena Yordy (Jun 1851-1854)

E. Jacob K. Yordy (8 Mar 1853-29 Nov 1930) m. Cathrien “Katie” King (17 Oct 1858-2 Feb 1918)
1. Edward P. (12 Mar 1879-31 Aug 1960) m. Mary Beller (10 Feb 1886-2 Apr 1977)
2. Maude (10 Jun 1880-12 Oct 1904) m. William Schertz (1 May 1879-19 Dec 1966)
3. Lidia (14 Feb 1882-14 Feb 1882)
4. Ida (13 Feb 1883-23 Jun 1947) m. Samuel Albrecht (31 Aug 1883-25 May 1947)
5. Noah (30 Jan 1885-15 Oct 1967) m. Mary Ringenberg (18 May 1886- 11 Aug 1969)
6. Lucy (30 Jan 1887-4 Jun 1967) m. Simon Beller (21 Mar 1881-2 Feb 1949)
7. Hattie (25 Sep 1889-9 May 1970) m. Albert Durre (8 Feb 1883-8 Apr 1955)
8. Mable (3 Aug 1891-6 Oct 1941) m. Elmer Augsburg (3 Feb 1890-8 Feb 1966)
9. William (18 May 1893-21 Jan 1974) m. L. Mae Saltzman (20 Nov 1896-30 Mar 1996)
10. Raymond (20 Oct 1895-10 Aug 1976) m. (1) Martha Horsch (3 Nov 1898-27 Nov 1924), (2) Almeda Shettler (24 Aug 1906-19 Jan 1980)
11. Minnie (18 Oct 1897 27 May 1981) m. Raymond Slagell (2 Jun 1897-10 Sep 1968)
12. Edna (19 Oct 1899-10 Oct 1995) m. William Stalter (25 Jul 1896-19 Nov 1971)
13. Amsy (2 Apr 1901-9 Dec 1980) m. Ella Zehr (28 Nov 1903-14 Mar 1994)
14. Erma (20 Feb 1904-14 Aug 2002) m. Arthur Guth (30 Oct 1895-8 Sep 1966)

F. Elizabeth Yordy (6 Dec 1854-28 Jan 1928) m. Christian Bachman (7 Mar 1857-19 Sep 1934)
1. Phoebe (24 Oct 1881-24 Dec 1971) m. William Kane (1 May 1884-6 May 1949)
2. Joel (5 Oct 1885-22 Nov 1977) m. (1) Anna Slagel (3 Mar 1887-2 Jan 1961), (2) Edna Oyer (25 Apr 1898-13 Oct 1998)
3. Mary (15 Apr 1890-22 Apr 1935) m. John Bachman (16 Dec 1889-7 Feb 1972)
4. Solomon (2 Sep 1893-6 Sep 1950) m. Emma Crawford (25 May 1897-Mar 1973)

G. Peter Philip Yordy (29 Feb 1956-4 Jun 1909)

H. Joseph Yordy (7 Nov 1857-19 Feb 1925) m. Elizabeth Roeschley (20 Jul 1861-3 Feb 1953)
1. Ellen “Ella” M. (29 Mar 1883-16 Jan 1960)
2. Anna M. (9 Mar 1885-18 Jan 1975)
3. Josephine L. (14 Aug 1886-3 Jan 1977) m. Albert E. Schrock (13 Jan 1886-9 Jan 1917)
4. Aaron A. (16 Mar 1888-7 Nov 1957)
5. Ezra B. (6 Apr 1892-9 Nov 1980) m. Carrie E. Good (2 Jan 1893-24 Jan 1993)
6. Walter E. (6 Dec 1895-25 Feb 1976) m. Alma Eigsti (13 Apr 1896-21 Jun 1972)
7. Jonas E. (9 Jan 1899-May 1984)
8. Alvin R. (8 Jan 1902-29 Dec 1979) m. Leah Erb (5 Aug 1907-20 Dec 2004)
9. Lewis J. (17 Sep 1905-10 Feb 1932)

I. Barbara Yordy (18 Dec 1860-20 Sep 1943)

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II. Christian Yotty

It is believed that Christian Yotty was the brother of Peter and Jacobina Yordy. To date, no document specifically stating that has been located. However, there is very strong circumstantial evidence to support the inference that Christian Yotty and Peter Yordy were brothers whose original surname was Jordi or Jordy. That evidence includes:

A) The fact that they are of similar ages (Peter is five-seven years younger than Christian).³⁸
B) They both appear in central Illinois at about the same time (1839-40).³⁹
C) At one time or another they both shared the same last name (Yotty, Yordy).⁴⁰
D) Both are Amish Mennonites who emigrated from Bavaria, Germany.⁴¹
E) According to Glendon Albrecht, great-grandson of Peter and the oldest known living descendent of Peter Yordy, at age 93 years in 2002, “Them Yotty’s from Roanoke were all related to us Yordy’s. But we never knew them too well. They was Yordy’s at one time, but somehow, their name got changed.“ When asked if he knew how that happened, he said, “No, but I remember Grandpa (Jacob Yordy) talking about it sometimes.”⁴²
F) They were co-signers on a note to Jacob Gangloff for $800.⁴³
G) Peter supplied part of the Administrative Bond for the estate of Christian in 1870.⁴⁴
H) Their farms were located about three miles apart in Woodford County.⁴⁵
I) They are buried near each other in the Roanoke Mennonite Cemetery.⁴⁶
J) Peter’s daughter, Barbara, was the maid of honor/witness to the marriage of Christian’s son, Jacob Yotty, and Annie Bachman in 1882.⁴⁷
K) Peter’s son, Christian, had financial dealings with Christian Yotty’s son, Joseph as evidenced by documents in estate file of Joseph Yotty.⁴⁸
L) In 2006, Y-DNA studies were performed on descendants of both Peter and Christian. Those tests showed that Peter and Christian were very closely related—most probably siblings.⁴⁹

One issue in considering Christian and Peter as brothers is the fact that Peter consistently listed his place of birth as “France” while Christian listed his place of birth as “Germany”⁵⁰ and “Baden.”⁵¹ (A number of documents of Christian’s children refer to his birthplace as “France.”) It is possible that if they were brothers, their parents lived in “Baden” in 1809 when Christian was born, then moved to the area of France in 1815 when Peter was born, then moved again to Munich around 1817. The probability is that the Yordy family remained in the same locale when the children were young, but political control of the area changed from German to French during that period.

Christian’s precise birth year is uncertain. According to immigration records, he was born in 1810-11; according to the 1860 census, he was born 1809-10. Christian Yotty (“Christ Jody”), age “28”, arrived in New Orleans on December 26, 1839, on the ship “Alexander Toussin.” He came from Bavaria via Le Havre, France and Havana, Cuba. He was traveling with Catherina Stalter (age 30), her children, Johan (age 5) and Maria (age 3), her sister, Magdalena Stalter (age 24), and a man named Jakob Stalter, possibly her brother.⁵² Two days after arriving, Catherina gave birth to her third child, Henry (b. December 28, 1839 in New Orleans).

Catherina (a.k.a Katharina and Catherine) Stalter Yotty was born ca. 1809 in Gern near Munich, Germany. She was the daughter of Heinrich Stalter.⁵³ Heinrich was an estate holder in Gern who immigrated to Illinois about 1842-43. According to the 1850 census, 74 year-old “Henry Stalder” who was born in Germany, was residing in the Christian and Catherina Stalter Yotty home in Woodford County.⁵⁴

Originally, it was assumed that Christian and Catherina were married prior to arriving in America, and it was a puzzle why she would have used her maiden name and the name “Stalter” for her children in immigration records. Y-DNA tests were performed on descendants of her sons, John, Henry, and Jacob, in 2006 to determine if there was a genetic connection between the Yotty, Yordy, and Yoder surnames. Those studies indicated the descendants of John Yotty and Henry Yotty were not a match to either the Yordy or Yoder surnames. Jacob Yotty’s descendant did match both the Yordy and Yotty surname Y-DNA. Thus, the DNA match of Jacob Yotty’s descendant proves that Christian Yotty’s original surname was Jordy, and that he was closely related to Peter Yordy—genetically consistent with a sibling. It is further presumed that John and Henry (and presumably Catherina’s daughter, Mary/Maria) were fathered by someone other than Christian Yotty. It is unclear whether Catherina Stalter Yotty was married prior to her marriage to Christian. Christian raised John, Mary, and Henry as his own and they adopted the Yotty surname.

It is unknown when and where Christian and Catherina were married. No marriage certificate has been found in Illinois. It is possible that they were married either in New Orleans, or at some point between New Orleans and Tazewell County, Illinois. According to Mary Yotty Klopfenstein’s obituary, “When she was two years of age with her parents, one sister and four brothers, she came to the United States and they settled on a farm in Germantown, west of Metamora in 1838, known then as Black Partridge.”⁵⁵ Although the obituary is inaccurate as far as Mary’s age and the number of siblings traveling with her to America (since her sister and three brothers were born after the group arrived in America), the implication is that
the group was a “family unit” prior to their arrival in Illinois.

Christian Yotty arrived in Tazewell County in 1840 and settled on Black Partridge Creek where he became a member of the Partridge Creek Amish Congregation.⁵⁶, ⁵⁷ There, three children were born to Christian and Catherina (Joseph in 1845, Catherine in 1848, Jacob in 1853).

The family moved to Olio Township in Woodford County between 1853 and 1860. In 1857, Christian bought 163 acres of land in section 3 at the far north edge of the township, about two miles north and four miles east of Eureka, Illinois.

Christian died on November 7, 1870, without a will. The administrator named to the estate was his widow, “Katharina.” His son John, and brother, Peter Yordy, posted the Administrative Bond for the estate. Catherina Stalter Yotty died on October 3-5, 1894, in Woodford County.⁵⁸ Catherina and Christian are buried in unmarked graves next to their son, Joseph Yotty, in the Roanoke Mennonite Cemetery, Roanoke, Illinois.⁵⁹

Children of Christian Yotty (abt. 1810-7 Nov 1870) and Catherina Stalter Yotty (1809-4 Oct 1894)

A. John B. Yotty (2 May 1834-26 Aug 1916) m. Josephine Phillips (1846-1894)
1. Katherine S. (16 Dec 1869-3 Oct 1942) m. Arthur S. Philp (1870-16 Jul 1948)
2. Joseph H. (29 Jul 1872-29 Dec 1938) m. Lodycie Eastman (13 Nov 1878-15 Jul 1932)
3. Anna (19 Apr 1874-26 Oct 1941) m. Edward Everett (27 Nov 1876-21 Dec 1952)
4. Edith (20 May 1875-15 Sep 1900) m. John Strickler (11 Jul 1871-1900)
5. Albert J. (21 Jan 1877-1 Nov 1958) m. Anna Walker (29 Sep 1896-2 Jul 1959)
6. Frank (Dec 1878-19 Oct 1933)
7. Phoebe (23 Jan 1881-29 Oct 1953) m. John Kyle (30 Jul 1878-16 Sep 1964)
8. Christopher D. (30 Dec 1883-29 Oct 1952)

B. Maria Yotty (23 Mar 1836-24 Jan 1926) m. Joseph Klopfenstein (31 Jul 1829-9 Dec 1909)
1. Catherine/Kathryn (1858-bet.1880 and 1900) m. Mr. Burwell
2. Christian (1860-bef. 1880)
3. Joseph Jr. (Nov 1867-21 Aug 1949) m. Emma Zeigle (Apr 1869-31 Jul 1932)
4. Josephine (16 Nov 1867-9 Jan 1939) m. (1) Joseph Schumacher (d. bef. 1900), (2)
James Carney (16 Apr 1865-21 Jun 1917)
5. Julianne/Annie (1870-1896)

C. Henry Yotty (28 Dec 1839-9 Feb 1886) m. Mary Alice Hoover (17 Sep 1847-20 May 1914)
1. Lydia (23 Feb 1871-Feb 1922) m. (1) Lytle Jones (b. 23 Jul 1880), (2) George Riggins (b. 1854)
2. Emma (9 Sept 1873-21 Mar 1965)
3. Jessie (9 Jul 1875-1920) m. Fred Dehm (b. 1865)
4. Mary (4 Aug 1876-30 Jul 1949)
5. Daniel (22 Jun 1879-4 Apr 1925) m.(1) Lulu Sutton (1888-1909), (2) Sarah Donnelly (Mar 1882-9 Apr 1959)
6. Ida E. (b. 10 Aug 1881) m. Bertram Brooking
7. Jacob Harry (12 Feb 1883-26 Nov 1926) m. Catherine Reeves (28 Jan 1890-20 May 1940)
8. Bessie (20 Jun 1889-29 Sep 1985) m. Edward Moore (31 Mar 1878-19 Jan 1962)

D. Joseph Yotty (27 Nov 1845-11 Apr 1932)

E. Catherine Phoebe Yotty (Feb 1850-1912) m. Christian D. Ehrisman (1844-21 Aug 1920)
1. John H. (10 Aug 1871-12 Jun 1959) m. (1) Etta Foster (4 Oct 1876-
1 Dec 1917), (2) Ruth Weeks
2. Albert J. (2 Dec 1874-1929) m. Evelyn Schuck (1877-1934)
3. Mary E. (Oct 1877-8 Apr 1894)
4. William D. (Dec 1879-1882)
5. Susan K. (1883-1883)
6. Joseph W. (4 Dec 1885-10 Nov 1939)
7. Clara M. (20 Mar 1889-17 Sep 1959)

F. Jacob C. Yotty (27 Apr 1853-23 Aug 1920) m. Anna Bachman (3 Dec 1858-18 Dec 1933)
1.Christian H. (19 Dec 1882-2 Aug 1953)
2.Elizabeth A. (29 Aug 1884-14 Mar 1957) m. John H. Speas (18 Nov 1882-18 Oct 1974)
3.Jacobina C. (19 Mar 1890-6 Feb 1958) m. Jacob Speas (19 Jan 1887-25 Dec 1954)
4.Bartholomew (26 Mar 1895-11 Mar 1956) m. Mary Ellen Yoder (20 Apr 1899-9 Mar 1980)

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III. Jacobina (Philabena) Yordy

Jacobina was born in Munchen (Munich), Bayern (Bavaria) on June 24, 1819.⁶⁰ She is named as the sister of Peter Yordy in family documents and the George Yeackley estate papers.⁶¹ She was apparently married to Johan George Yeackley before 1842 in Bavaria. George Yeackley was a Catholic.

“John Jeckle“, age 28, and “Jacobina Jeckle“, his 24-year old “wife,” arrived in New Orleans from Bavaria via Le Havre, France, on the ship “Governor Davis” on January, 5, 1842.⁶² On April 22, 1842, “George Yakely” and “Jacobina Yeartey” received a marriage license in Woodford County⁶³ and on April 26, 1842,” George Yakely” married “Jacobina Yerkey” in Woodford Co. in a civil ceremony.⁶⁴

The reason for the apparent duplicate marriage ceremonies in Bavaria and Illinois is unclear. Several possible explanations exist. It is known that George and Jacobina raised their children in the Catholic Church.⁶⁵ Their daughter Catherine was born in January 1842, in New Orleans, shortly after the couple arrived. Perhaps in order to have Catherine baptized in the Catholic church, the couple needed to provide some proof of the validity of their marriage but lacked adequate documentation from Germany. Or perhaps Catherine was conceived out of wedlock and the couple merely traveled under the name “Jeckle”, waiting to be married until after they arrived in Illinois.

In September, 1850, “George Ackerly” was living in Tazewell County, Illinois, with his wife, “Pena,” and children, Catharine, Elizabeth, Joseph, and Pena.⁶⁶ George bought 80 acres of land from David Alexander for $878 on April 18, 1853. This land is located two miles northwest of Groveland.

On February 28, 1854, George Yeackley died in Tazewell County. Peter Yordy was named administrator of his estate and guardian ad litem of his four children, Kate, Lizzie, Joe, and Phoebe.⁶⁷ This assignment of guardianship was presumably done to prevent the children from being taken from Jacobina.

On July 12, 1854 (five months after the death of her first husband), Jacobina Yordy Yeackley married Henry Raab in Tazewell County.6⁸ A son, Henry Raab, Jr., was born 1855-57 (his headstone in the Craft Kimmel Cemetery says 1855; US Census data suggests 1856-57). In 1856, Henry Raab, Sr. purchased the land owned by the estate of George Yeackley for $8.50 per acre, and in 1857, he became co-guardian of Jacobina’s children.⁶⁹ The land was subject to a mortgage. In late 1859, Henry defaulted on the mortgage. Henry Raab, Sr. died sometime between February and June 1860. Jacobina’s brother, Peter Yordy, purchased the farm from the mortgage holder and later traded the farm for a house in Pekin and cash for Jacobina and the children (see under Peter Yordy, above).

On August 14, 1862, twice widowed Jacobina married Christian Krug⁷⁰ (b. Hanseldorf Baiern, August 1,1825).⁷¹ Their son, Louis Krug, was born August 30, 1868, in Groveland.⁷² On July 19, 1870, Christian Krug was living in Tazewell County, Pekin Township, with wife “Phillipina,” and sons, Henry Krug (Raab) and Louis, and Joseph Jeckel (Joseph Yeackley) and Jacobina Jaeckle (Phoebe Yeackley).⁷³ On June 10, 1880, “Christ” Krug was living in Groveland Township, Tazewell County, with wife, “Pena,” son, Louis, and Henry Rabb (Henry Raab, Jr.).⁷⁴

Jacobina Yordy Yeackley Raab Krug died on December 16, 1883, and was buried in the Craft Kimmler Cemetery in Groveland, IL. Christian Krug died in Groveland on October 31, 1890, and is buried next to “Phillipine” (Jacobina Yordy).⁷⁵

Children of Jacobina Yordy (24 Jun 1819-16 Dec1883) and Johan George Yeackley (1816-28 Feb 1854)

A. Catherine Yeackley (17 Jan 1842-18 Jul 1932) m.
Adam Hoffman (1836-1897)
1. Fred W. (2 Jun 1864-2 Oct 1936) m. Catherine Zendner (Oct 1874-14 May 1963)
2. Emma (1866-bet. 1870-1880)
3. Mary (b. Jul 1869)
4. Katherine (b. 1871)
5. Liza (b. 1876)

B. Elizabeth Yeackley (7 Mar 1845-30 Jun 1931) m. Louis Winkel (Oct 1844- bet. 1900-1910)
1. Frederick (Jan 1866-21 Aug 1947)

C. Joseph Yeackley (15 Feb 1848-18 Jan 1940) m. Fannie Yordy (5 Apr 1863-31 Oct 1955)
1. Elizabeth (10 Sep 1885-16 Apr 1974) m. Leander Eicher (28 Aug 1883-25 Jun 1931)
2. Phoebe (11 Apr 1887-27 Mar 1975) m. Joseph E. Zimmerman (19 Mar 1880-15 Dec 1949)
3. Fred (17 Nov 1888-11 Nov 1980) m. Lydia Saltzman (20 May 1889-5 Feb 1960)
4. John (23 Dec 1889-9 Mar 1988) m. Sarah Stutzman (21 Feb 1896-6 Jun 1940)
5. Emma (1 Dec 1891-20 Dec 1996) m. Edward Roth (23 Mar 1890-5 Sep 1977)
6. George (13 Apr 1900-10 Dec 1993) m. Sarah Hers Berger (17 Aug 1901-17 Jan 1951)
7. Eva (15 Oct 1901-22 Feb 1995) m. Fred Reeb (18 Dec 1895-22 Nov 1984)
8. Elsie (21 Oct 1903-23 Jun 1991) m. Bert Stutzman (7 May 1904-10 Oct 1989)

D. Emma Yeackley (1850-1851)

E. Peter Yeackley (1853-1854)

F. Phoebe Yeackley (3 Jun 1853-14 Dec 1933) m. Joseph C. Bishop (1850-20 Sep 1896)
1. Ella E. (b. 1873) m. Daniel Freidinger (15 Aug 1872-Feb 1965)
2. William H. (14 May 1879-22 May 1970) m. Emma Freidinger (17 Nov 1883-17 Oct 1941)
3. Joseph B. (11 Aug 1881-12 Jan 1948) m. Edna (?) (23 Apr 1883-Nov 1972)
4. Lillian (21 Jun 1887-Jun 1987) m. (1) Joseph S. Powell (1885-26 Mar 1920), (2) Robert Brown (20 Jul 1882-Sep 1967)

Children of Jacobina Yordy Yeackley and Henry Rabb (d. 1860)

G. Henry Rabb Jr. (bet. 1855 and 1858-10 Dec 1933)

Children of Jacobina Yordy Yeackley Rabb and Christian Krug (1 Aug 1825-31 Oct 1890)

H. Louis Krug (30 Aug 1868-13 Nov 1943) m. (1) Anna Hagney (Oct 1877-5 Mar 1902), (2) Anna Dully (13 Mar 1870-18 Apr 1948)

SOURCES
¹ Headstone, Roanoke Mennonite Cemetery, Roanoke, IL.
² Joseph Staker, The Staker Family, Amish Mennonites in Tazewell County, Illinois.
³ “The Year With No Summer,” Wikipedia, 2006.
⁴ Woodford County Tax Records, 1868.
⁵ Information from Marvin Yordy, Roanoke, Illinois, based on notes written by his father, Amos Yordy.
⁶ Centennial History of The Mennonites In Illinois, Harry F. Weber, 1931.
⁷ “Peter Youghter” married “Mary Birkey“; Marriage License, Tazewell County, IL.
⁸ History of the Roanoke Mennonite Church . . . 125 Years, 1875-2000. Understanding of the Past. A Guide to Our Future. Compiled by Ken Ulrich for Roanoke Mennonite Church. 2000.
⁹ Headstone, Roanoke Mennonite Cemetery.
¹⁰ New York Passenger Lists, 1820-1844, June 17, Baltimore, p. 4.
¹¹1900 US Census, Illinois, Woodford County, Roanoke Twp.
¹²1850 US Census, Tazewell County, (as “Peter Yatty).
¹³ Series of Deeds found at Tazewell County Courthouse by Carol Heilman, 2006. Copies on file.
¹⁴ Probate record of George Yeackley, Tazewell County Probate Court.
¹⁵ Illinois Regional Archives and Depository – Volume A, p. 254, License #2389.
¹⁶ Series of Deeds found at Tazewell County Courthouse by Carol Heilman, 2006. Copies on file.
¹⁷ 1860 US Census, Illinois, Tazewell County, Elm Grove Township, (as “Peter Yorty”).
¹⁸ The Yordy Story, 1815-1971.
¹⁹ Livingston County Deed Book Z, page 286.
²⁰ Obituaries of Peter, Simon, and John E. Yordy.
²¹ Livingston County Deed Book 61, page 229.
²² History of the Roanoke Mennonite Church . . . 125 Years, 1875-2000. Understanding of the Past. A Guide to Our Future. Compiled by Ken Ulrich for Roanoke Mennonite Church. 2000; Woodford County Deed Book T, p. 547.
²³ Ibid.
²⁴ Estate of Christian Yotty; November, 1870, Woodford County Probate Court, Eureka, IL.
²⁵ Christian Yotty estate file located at the Woodford County Courthouse.
²⁶ 1870 US Census, Roll 295, Book 1, page 468a (as Peter Yottey).
²⁷ Woodford County Tax Records, 1868.
²⁸ History of the Roanoke Mennonite Church . . . 125 Years, 1875-2000. Understanding of the Past. A Guide to Our Future. Compiled by Ken Ulrich for Roanoke Mennonite Church. 2000.
²⁹ 1880 US Census, Illinois, Woodford County, Roanoke Twp., (as “Peter Yordie”).
³⁰ Woodford County Clerk of the Court Docket Book, 1880.
³¹ Livingston County Deed Book 87, p. 383.
³² Livings^{ton County Deed Book 75,p. 45.
33} Ibid.
³⁴ Woodford County Deed Book 61, p. 161.
³⁵ Headstones at the Roanoke Mennonite Cemetery.
³⁶ Woodford County Guardianship Proceedings.
³⁷ Ibid.
³⁸ US Census Data, Tazewell and Woodford County, 1850 and 1860.
³⁹ Centennial History of The Mennonites In Illinois, Harry F. Weber, 1931.
⁴⁰ US Census Data, Illinois, 1850-1880.
⁴¹ Ibid.
⁴² Phone conversation between GLY and Glendon Albrecht, December, 2002.
⁴³ Estate File of Christian Yotty; Woodford County Courthouse. Case File 701, Microfilm Roll 106.
⁴⁴ Ibid.
⁴⁵ Plat maps of Woodford County, 1868 and 1870.
⁴⁶ Personal observation, 2003.
⁴⁷ Marriage License of Annie Bachman and Christian Yotty, per Carol Heilman.
⁴⁸ Estate file of Joseph Yotty, Woodford County Illinois Courthouse.
⁴⁹ Family Tree DNA results on Doug Yotty and Gary Yordy. Copies in author’s personal file.
⁵⁰ 1850 US Census, Illinois, Tazewell County.
⁵¹ 1860 US Census, Illinois, Tazewell County.
⁵² Information from ships passenger list found at LDS Family History Library in Wilmington, NC. FHL #0200147; NARA #M259-19.
⁵³ Guth, Hermann, Amish Mennonites in Germany, p. 248.
⁵⁴ 1850 Federal Census, Illinois, Woodford County.
⁵⁵ Mary Yotty obituary, Woodford County Journal, January 28, 1926.
⁵⁶ Coming of the Mennonites to Illinois, by Weber, 1939, page 90.
⁵⁷ Centennial History of The Mennonites In Illinois, Harry F. Weber, 1931.
⁵⁸ Obituary in the Metamora Herald, October 11, 1894.
⁵⁹ Information from Carol Yotty Heilman.
⁶⁰ Headstone, Craft Kimmler Cemetery, Tazewell County, Illinois.
⁶¹ The Yordy Story, 1803-1971.
⁶² Passenger Manifest of the ship Governor Davis, LDS FHL microfilm # 0200150.
⁶³ Wedding License copy on file.
⁶⁴ Illinois Marriages Before 1850, Genealogy.com.
⁶⁵ The Yordy Story, 1803-1971.
⁶⁶ 1850 US Census, Illinois, Tazewell County, entry 462, Roll 129, Book 1, page 33 at Genealogy.com.
⁶⁷ George Yeackley Estate Papers, Tazewell County Estate Files, Box 52.
⁶⁸ Illinois Statewide Marriage Index.
⁶⁹ George Yeackley Estate Papers, Tazewell County Estate Files, Box 52.
⁷⁰ Christian “King” m. Jacobina “Yekel,” Vol B, page 250 Tazewell Co., IRAD.
⁷¹ Christian Krug’s headstone in Groveland, IL. Tazewell County Cemeteries Vol. 4.
⁷² Obituary of Louis Krug, Pekin Daily Times, Nov. 13, 1943.
⁷³ 1870 US Census, Illinois, Tazewell County, Pekin Township.
⁷⁴ 1980 US Census, Illinois, Tazewell County, Groveland Township.
⁷⁵ Tazewell County Cemeteries, Vol. 4., headstone inscriptions.

————————————————————

Yordy Addendum:
French Birth Records and Ancestry of Peter Yordy

By Gary L. Yordy
Originally published in the Spring 2008 issue (Vol. XXXV, No. 1)
Illinois Mennonite Heritage Quarterly  (http://www.imhgs.org)
(Used with permission of the author and original publisher)

Within weeks following the publication of “The History of the Family of Peter Yordy (1815-1897)” in the winter issue of Illinois Mennonite Heritage Quarterly, additional information on Peter and his family was discovered. It is both additive and corrective to the original article.

Peter Yordy was born July 12, 1815 in France according to his headstone in the Roanoke Mennonite Cemetery. However, the author discovered his birth registration that contradicts some of this data.

Peter was born in a tiny village of Jaegerthal, France (very near Windstein) on July 26, 1815 at 3 a.m. to Jacques (Jacob) Jordi, a 37-year-old laborer, and Catharine “Schauin” (Schantz). The birth was witnessed by Jean Walter and Pierre Mathis. Despite the fact that Peter’s parents were German, because he was born in France (as opposed to Germany), his birth name was recorded as “Pierre Jordi.”

In addition to Peter’s birth register, the register of his sister, Jacobina, was discovered. According to her birth data, she was born July 29, 1818 in Jaegerthal. Her parents were listed as Jacques Jordy, a 41-year-old “cultivateur,” and Catherine Schantz. The birth was witnessed by Joseph Schertzinger and Jacques Kunz. Because the birth occurred in France, her birth name was registered as “Jacquees” Jordy.²

Note that the authorities spelled the surname “Jordi” on Peter’s register and “Jordy” on Jacobina’s register. Peter’s father actually signed his birth register and did so using the “Jordi” spelling. The civil registrar signed Jacobina’s register on behalf of her father.

No other birth, death, or marriage information was identified in the Jaegerthal/Windstein records for this family. Specifically, no birth registry for Christian or any other children have been found. It thus appears that the family arrived shortly before Peter’s birth and left for Bavaria shortly after Jacobina’s birth.

The identification of the parents of Peter Yordy coupled with prior research by Hermann Guth ³ allows us to tie together many more generations of Peter’s ancestry.

As noted in Part 1 of the series on Peter Yordy, Jordi ancestors left Canton Bern, Switzerland at the beginning of the 18th century. Jakob Jordi Sr. is believed to have gone from Switzerland to Ste. Marie-aux-Mines with other followers of Jakob Ammann around 1700. In 1712, French King Louis XIV expelled all Anabaptists from France. Most of the Amish around Ste. Marie-aux-Mines (possibly 60 families and 400-500 individuals) relocated to nearby estates. At the time, Alsace and the adjacent area called the Palatinate consisted of numerous feudal domains that retained much autonomy.⁴

Jakob Jordi did not initially go far from Ste. Marie-aux-Mines. In 1715, he is identified as a member of the Amish congregation in Belfort, France, some 75 miles south of Ste. Marie-aux-Mines. Jakob Jordi of Belfort and his wife (identity unknown) had at least three sons:
a) “C.” (full given name is unknown, but thought to be Chretien Jordi) remained in the area of Belfort. Most of this son’s descendants left the Amish and Mennonite church. Some joined the Lutheran church and some returned to the Catholic church. Ancestors remain today in Belfort and several small adjacent villages.

The other sons of Jakob Jordi of Belfort made different choices. The counts Palatine of Zweibrucken-Birkenfeld, as owners of the County Rappoltstein, had initially objected to the expulsion of the Anabaptists from France. Having acquired rule over Zweibrucken in 1731, these members of the Palatine branch of the powerful House of Wittelsbach remained well-disposed toward Mennonite leaseholders and encouraged their resettlement in areas where they had influence…most notably Hesse-Darmstadt, Waldeck and the Kingdom of Bavaria.⁵

It was a principle of the Amish at the time to not own land––rather to lease land for a period of time (this was based on Acts 4:32-35). Most Amish and Mennonite farmers signed a customary lease for six or nine years.⁶ Thus it was that two other sons of Jakob Jordi of Belfort left France for more welcome lands in the mid-1730s. They were:
b) (Hans) Jakob Jordi. He married, left Belfort and traveled 200 miles north into Germany, settling at Heppenheim auf der Wiese in 1731. This is a community located west of the city of Worms. It is about 25 miles northeast of Hohenecken. In 1732, he was in Heppenheim with one child. His birth year was given as 1708. Their family was one of 42 families that belonged to the Gerolsheim Amish Mennonite Congregation.⁷ In the 1738 census, he was living in Heppenheim with his wife, five children, one farmhand and one maid.⁸ In the 1743 census, Hans Jakob was still at Heppenheim auf der Wiese with his wife, three sons, four daughters, and two farmhands. ⁹
Two of Hans Jakob’s sons were Jakob Jordi II and Ulrich Jordi. In 1746, brothers Jakob Jordi and Ulrich Jordi left Heppenheim and moved 23 miles north with their families where they were employed on the Haeusserhof at “Oberamt Oppenheim Nieder-Ingelheim,” an estate of Lady von Haxthausen located just east of Ingelheim. The estate was a former monastery that had been founded in 1190. It was taken over by the Haxthausen family in 1650. Today, the remnants are known as “Haxthaeuserhof.”¹⁰ In 1749 Ulrich Jordi and his family left for the “New Land.” Efforts to locate immigration data on Ulrich Jordi from 1749 have been unsuccessful. His fate remains unkown. Jakob Jordi II died on the Haeusserhof on September 10, 1752. His wife, three sons and four daughters remained on the estate until at least 1753.1¹ Their names are unknown.

c) Jakob’s third son was (Jean) Johannes Jordi. In 1735, Johannes Jordi arrived in Hohenecken, Germany. (This information came from a much later census.)¹² Hohenecken is located approximately two miles west of Kaiserslautern. It is unknown if he was married when he arrived. In 1753 Johannes was on the Lichtenbrunnerhof near Kaiserslautern with a wife, two children and one farmhand. According to the census data, he had lived there for 18 years.¹³ The two children were Anna and Johannes/Jean. By 1759 Johannes was a temporary tenant with Franz Dellmuth on the Bremerhof estate (on the south edge of Kaiserslautern). With him was his wife, Verena Lang, two sons (Jean/Johannes – 8 ½, and Jakob – 2 ½) and two daughters (Anne – 12, and Verena -5).¹⁴ By 1765 Johannes and family had relocated to Eselsfurth on the northeast edge of Kaiserslautern where their fifth child, Magdalena, was born.¹⁵

1) Anna Jordy was born 1747. She was the third wife of Jakob Muller of the Münsterhof estate at Dreisen, Kirchheimbolanden. His first two wives had been first, Elisabeth Schenk (Edenbornohof near Kirchheim-Bolanden) and second, Anna Brenneman. In 1753 he was in Morzheim near Landau “with wife and three sons, 7,4, and 3 years of age” (Guth p. 200 citing Palatine Mennonite Census Lists). He was one of the original three Anabaptist leasors of the Münsterhof in 1764 and must have been at least two decades senior to Anna.
2) Johannes (Jean) Jordy
3) Verna Jordy was born in 1752. She married Christian Eyer, son of Rudolf Eyer and Veronika Kurtz.
4) Jakob Jordy was born in 1755. He married first, Magdalena Imhof, daughter of Peter Imhof and Veronica Rocke of Hochspeyer. They had three children: Johannes (Jean) (b.12/23/1784); Elisabeth (b. 12/4/1785); and Jakob (Jacques) b. 7/22/1787. After Magdalena’s death on 10/17/1787, Jakob married Veronika Habecker, daughter of Johannes Habecker and Veronika Imhof of Hofstatten. Jakob and Veronika had a son, Christian (Chretien) Jordy (b. 1790). Jakob lived his entire life on the Wilensteinerhof near Trippstadt. After he died in 1794, his widow, Veronika, and her step-son, Jakob, and son, Christian, moved to Windstein, France, near her brother, Johannes Habecker, and sister, Katharina Habecker Roggy, both of whom lived near Lembach.
5) Magdalena Jordy was born in 1765 in Eselsfurth near Kaiserslautern. She married Johannes (Jean) Imhof, son of Peter Imhof and Katharina Roggy of the Aschbacherhof.

Johannes (Jean) Jordy was born in 1750, probably on the Lichtenbrunnerhof near Kaiserslautern. He married Barbara Eschem (Esch or Oesch). Her ancestry is unknown. The family moved from the Trippstadt, Germany area, to Windstein, Alsace, France, some 50 miles to the south. The timing of this move is uncertain. It is clear that their children were born on the Wilensteinerhof near Trippstadt, and that the family was in Windstein, France before Johannes died in 1803. The couple had three children:

A) Jakob (Jacques) Jordi born 1778;
B) Magdalena (Madeleine) Jordy born 1779 in Wilenstein. She died unmarried in Windstein on 12/12/1816. Her death was reported by Jacques Kuntz and Louis Epigage and her parents were identified as Jean Jordy and Barbara “Eschem”;¹⁶
C) Catharina Jordy born about 1781 in Wilenstein. She also died unmarried in Windstein on 6/9/1817.¹⁷

Jakob Jordy’s German name was translated in French to “Jacques Jordi” by authorities in Windstein. He apparently adopted part of the French version as he signed his name “Jakob (German) Jordi (French).” It is interesting to note that his cousin (son of Jakob Jordy and Magdalena Imhof) who was also named Jakob Jordy and lived in Windstein, signed his name “Jakob Jordy“ with a “y,“ perhaps to differentiate the two Jakob Jordy’s.
With the exception of the years 1814-1818, little is known of the lives of Jakob Jordi, son of Johannes Jordy and Barbara Esch. Birth records of his children tell us that he was married to Catherina Schantz. Her ancestry is uncertain, but she may have been a daughter of Christian Schantz and Anna Rubi of the Heiligenbrunerhof near Lembach. To date, no historic record of the marriage of Jakob and Catherina has been located. We also know that through this period, the couple lived at Jaegerthal, France.

Jaegerthal is the site of an iron foundry (first built in 1602) and an adjacent estate. It could not even be called a “village.” It would more appropriately be referred to as a commune located approximately one mile south of the village of Windstein, France. It appears that Jakob Jordi began as a day laborer on the estate at Jaegerthal. He apparently worked in the agricultural endeavors at Jaegerthal (rather than the foundry) as he was described as a “cultivator” or farmer on Jacobina’s birth registry.

Jaegerthal was controlled by the Dietrich family. Protestant Jean Dietrich purchased the foundry in 1685. He obtained contracts to provide weapons for the French army, gaining favor with the Catholic king. This helped to protect the rights of Protestants in the Strasbourg area, and provided a modest start to the industrial family’s later fortune. In 1761 the family became nobility, changing their surname to ‘de Dietrich.’ They helped finance the War of Austrian Succession (1741-48) and the Seven Years War (1756-63). Much of the land around the Jaegerthal foundry was owned by a competing family, and eventually the de Dietrichs chose other locations to ensure supplies of wood. By 1789 they employed 1,000 workers and owned more land than any other family in Alsace. Philippe-Frédéric de Dietrich, a son of Jean, became the Royal Commissioner of Mines and the first mayor of Strasbourg before meeting the guillotine in 1793. Despite reverses, family fortunes revived under Napoleon. They later expanded into railroad construction, automobiles, manufacturing, and chemicals as the conglomerate De Dietrich & Cie. The foundry is now a ruined brick shell, and Jaegerthal is part of Windstein.¹⁸

From the historic records thus far identified, it appears that Jakob and Catharina resided somewhere other than the Jaegerthal/Windstein region prior to 1814. During this time, their son, Christian, and possibly a son, Jakob (father of Barbara Yordy Eigsti), were born. The historic record suggests they left Jaegerthal shortly after the birth of daughter, Jacobina, in 1818. According to their son, Peter Yordy, they moved to a location “about 20 miles south of Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Though the sight has not yet been located, Peter’s immigration record suggests it may have been near Starnberger See (Lake Starnberg).

Yordy Family Bavarian Residence and Peter Yordy Immigration

Peter apparently decided to leave Bavaria for America around 1837. Family legend recounts that he came to New Orleans, then up the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, arriving in Tazewell County as Peter himself said, “with no capital and a head full of lice.” However, this is apparently incorrect. A review of records of all ships landing in New Orleans in 1837 and 1838 revealed no evidence of Peter on any passenger list.

In December 2007, genealogist Joseph Staker discovered the historic record of Peter’s immigration to America.¹⁹ Twenty-three-year-old “Peter Jordte” or “Jodte” from France emigrated to New York. He arrived on the packet ship, Charles Carroll, which arrived from Le Havre on September 17, 1838. This individual’s name falls directly in a crease in the paper, making it difficult to read clearly.

On the passenger list immediately before Peter’s name is the name of Joseph “Heser” (20) and Andrew Burkey (29) and his wife, Barbara (29) and son Joseph (2). These people are thought to be Joseph Heiser; Andrew Burcky (son of Andrew Birki and first cousin of Peter Yordy’s future wife, Mary Birkey Yordy) and his wife, Barbara Eyer/Oyer and their son, Joseph. Joseph Heiser had lived at Hanfeld, and Andrew Burcky had lived at Söcking.²⁰ The two villages are adjacent and the town squares only two miles apart, very near Starnberg, and approximately 20 miles south of Munich. The fact that Peter, Joseph, and Andrew emigrated together suggests that they knew each other prior to the trip. Further credence is leant to this theory by their actions after arriving in Illinois. In the 1855 Tazewell County Census21 and the1860 US Census,²² Peter, Joseph, and Andrew were all next-door neighbors in Elm Grove Township, Tazewell County.

Thus, historic documents and Peter’s own testimony indicate that the family of Jakob Jordy and Catharina Schantz relocated from Jaegerthal, France to somewhere around Hanfeld or Söcking, Germany. Unfortunately, few historic documents are available from these locations and thus far, none have confirmed their residence.

Mary Birkey Yordy in Tazewell County

Peter Yordy’s wife, Maria Birki (Mary Birkey), and her six-year-old son, John Horn, emigrated in 1844. They traveled with Mary’s brother, Joseph, their cousin, Catherine Kettner, and Peter Zehr on the ship, Baltimore, which arrived in New York from Le Havre on June 17, 1844.²³

On February 9, 1847, two and one-half years after arriving in America, Mary married Peter Yordy. That marriage occurred within the Dillon Creek Amish Congregation in Tazewell County, Illinois. A recently identified 1845 Tazewell County Census sheds light on her life between her arrival in Illinois and her marriage to Peter.

In 1845, thirty-year-old Mary “Burgie” resided with a male under 10 years of age (John Horn Birkey) as the head of the household in Tazewell County. Also in the household are a female aged 10-20 and a female under 10 years of age.²⁴ The identity of these two females is unknown. It is probable that the two women were boarders. The listing of Mary as the “Head of Household” suggests that Mary emigrated with significant funds consistent with the relative wealth of her father, Christian Birki. Triangulation of neighbors suggests that after their marriage, Peter and Mary lived in the home where Mary was living in 1845.

ENDNOTES

¹ Registres de l’etat civil, 1793-1882, Windstein, Alsace, France. LDS Family History Library microfilm #1069482.
² Ibid.
³ Guth, Hermann, Amish Mennonites in Germany, Their Congregations, The Estates Where They Lived, Their Families, p. 193-4, pub.1995 by Masthof Press.
⁴ Ibid., p.4.
⁵ Ibid., p.5.
⁶ Ibid.
⁷ freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~kmiller/miller/d54cen1732.pdf, “1732 Reconstructed Census of Mennonites.” p. 6.
⁸ Guth, Hermann, Archive 77/4237, folio 76, “Palatine Mennonite Census Lists, 1664-1793,” p. 37.
⁹ Guth, Hermann, Archive 77/4238, folio 31-44, “Palatine Mennonite Census Lists, 1664-1793,” p. 46.
¹⁰ Guth, Hermann, Archive 77/4239, folio 196-198, “Palatine Mennonite Census Lists, 1664-1793,” p. 67.
¹¹ Ibid.
¹² Guth, Hermann, Archive 77/4239, folio 155, “Palatine Mennonite Census Lists, 1664-1793,” p. 64.
¹³ Ibid.
¹⁴ Guth, Hermann, “Amish Mennonites in Germany”, p.193.
¹⁵ Ibid.
¹⁶ Registres de l’état civil, 1793-1882, DécPs 1793-1862 (LDS FHL INTL Film #1069486).
¹⁷ Tables décennales 1813-1862 Naissances 1793-1862 (LDS FHL INTL Film #1069482).
¹⁸ Personal communication from Joseph Staker, December 2007.
¹⁹ New York Passenger Lists, 1820-1957 (1838 September 17) Charles Carroll at ancestry.com, 2007.
²⁰ Personal correspondence with Joseph Staker, December, 2007.
²¹ 1855 Tazewell County Illinois Census, p.1 (LDS Family History Library Film # 977062).
²² 1860 U.S. Census, Illinois, Tazewell County, Elm Grove Township, p. 176.
²³ New York Passenger Lists, 1820-1957, 1844, June 17, Baltimore, p. 4.
²⁴ 1855 Tazewell County Illinois Census, p.1 (LDS Family History Library Film # 977062).

His Ancestors and His Descendants

by Donna Schrock Birkey
Originally published in the Winter 2004 issue (Vol. XXXI, No. 4)
Illinois Mennonite Heritage Quarterly (http://www.imhgs.org)
(Used with permission of original publisher)

A 1589 Swiss record of the surname (Trina) Salzman is shown below. Over the years some families added a “t,” others added an extra“ n, still others changed “z” to “s”—so evolved the various spellings.

The Winter 2002 issue of Illinois Mennonite Heritage Quarterly carried the story of Immigrant Johannes Schrock of Illinois. Johannes’ wife was Catherine Salzman, daughter of Michael Salzman. This time I focus on the ancestry of Michael Salzman in Europe and follow him and his family to America. Both the Schrock and Salzman families were closely linked to Belgrade farm near Bistroff, Moselle, France in the early 1800s. Belgrade was home to a number of Anabaptist families, including Staker, Schertz, Engel, Stalter and Zehr families, who after emigration lived again in a close community in Butler Co., OH, and then in Tazewell Co., IL. Bistroff is no doubt where Catherine Salzman and Johannes Schrag courted, and they were married a few miles away in Blamont in 1826. The Schrock and Salzman families traveled together to America in the spring of 1831. We begin our story with Michael’s ancestors—his grandfather Christian and father Michel.

CHRISTIAN SALTZMANN (ca. 1719-1795)

Christian was born about 1719 and died 5 May 1795 at Zelle farm, Petit Tenquin, Moselle. He married Marie Rider (Rediger?). When son Michel recorded his death the following day he indicated that Marie was already deceased. ¹

MICHEL/MICHAEL SALTZMAN (ca. 1755-1821)

Michel was born about 1755 in Altwiller, Lower Alsace, and died 16 Jun 1821 ² at Vallerade farm in Albestroff, a horse-breeding farm established in 1717 and at one time belonging to the Duke of Lorraine. It is situated about seven miles to the east of Altwiller. His death record identifies him as a farmer at Vallerade, son of Christian Salzmann and Marie Rider, and husband of Catherine Weiss (born about 1758 in Zweibrucken), daughter of Christian Weiss and Catherine Ziegel. Michel and Catherine died only days apart. Catherine’s death entry on 24 Jun 1821 ³ follows Michel’s in the civil records of Albestroff.

The couple had nine children. Michel, Pierre, Catherine, Magdeleine, Barbe and Christian were all born at Zelle farm, Petit Tenquin (near Grostenquin), but the parents did not register their births until Dec. 26, 1801 at Sarralbe. ⁴ By that date the children ranged in age from 9 to 22. Their birth records provide us with most details we know of the family. (Joseph Salzman who married Barbara Litwiller may be a son of Christian and brother to Michel, but it has yet to be proven.)

MICHAEL SALZMAN (1779-1861)and wife Catherin Hergi

Michael was born 29 Sep 1779 in Petit Tenquin, ¹⁷ the son of Michel Salzman and Catherine Weiss, and died 30 Nov 1861 Butler Co. OH at age 82. He married Catherin Hergi (Hirschi), daughter of Pierre Hergi of St. Avold, and Anne Agnes Farny. Their marriage record ¹⁸ identifies Michael as an Anabaptist and records preliminary announcements were posted at Sarralbe and St. Avold on December 11 and 18, 1803. It also reveals that the marriage was held in Sarralbe at 3:00 on 3 Mar 1804 in deference to the 53-year-old father Michel Salzman who was living at Haras, also named as an Anabaptist.

Michael was a resident of Sarralbe before he and Catherine Hergi were married there, and they were still in Sarralbe at the time of daughter Catherine’s birth in October of 1804. During 1803, and perhaps over a longer period, Michael worked as a cultivator at Haras, near Sarralbe, as did his father. At some point the family moved to Forbach where Michael was a miller at Schloesser’s mill.  This is also where his wife Catherine died on 5 Mar 1814. ¹⁹ Catherine had been born during 1780 in St. Avold, if we use her death record to calculate the birth year. Before she died, Catherine bore Michael four children:

Peter and Susan had a large family, but son Michael is the only one with a known history to me. He was born 9 Jan 1836 in Ohio (no doubt Butler Co.) and died 9 Feb 1907 in Red Cloud NE. He married Sarah Yetter Kenny on 22 Oct 1860. They had a family of eight children: three daughters and five sons. Most were born in Lafayette IN, but one was born in Cerro Gorda, IL in 1870 and one in Logan, KS in1872. ²⁵

Only three months after his wife’s death Michael (1779-1861) is in Vallerade, Albestroff, where his parents resided and where he married Madelaine Eiyman in June. ²⁶ He is named there off and on until 1823. But in that year he moved to Belgrade Farm with his family and was a farmer at Bischwald mill in Bistroff.

MICHAEL SALZMAN (1779-1861) and second wife Magdalena Eymann

Michael’s second wife was the daughter of Etienne (Stephen) Eymann and Marie Cers (Zehr?). Magdalena was born 2 June 1795 in Prussia/Palatinate and died 1 Oct 1875 (one source says 1870) in Butler Co., OH. Their children are:

THE 1831 TRIP TO AMERICA

From 1755 to 1826, three generations of Salzman families seemed to live and move mostly within a triangular area from Bistroff east about 22 miles to Sarralbe and southward 14 miles to Albestroff.

But in the spring of 1831 two of the families made a radical departure–the Michael and André Salzman families, and several Schrag families, left France for America. They left together, even as they had lived together at Belgrade farm. They traveled to Le Havre on the coast of France where they boarded a ship and sailed to Baltimore, arriving sometime between April 1 and June 30. Since their names are on page 4 and 5 of the Quarterly Arrival abstract of passengers, one could guess they arrived earlier rather than later in the quarter. On the same list of passengers, named both before and after the Salzmans and Schrags, were Engel, Shirtz, Neuhauser, Rogi, Suisse, and Zimmerman families totaling about seventy Anabaptists. All the men were listed as farmers from France. ³⁶

The ship list answers some questions, but raises others. Ages given on the list do not always correspond with birth records found. But I was personally very pleased to finally find my immigrant Schrock ancestor, Johannes, on the list. At first glance it seemed that his wife Catherine Salzman and their two children sailed to America with her family, leaving Johannes behind for some reason. But on closer examination, Johannes was found to be passenger #147 with a difficult-to-decipher surname of Gerrard (used in many French documents for Schrack/Schrag). Although he was listed separately from his wife and children (#152, 156, 157), he was among other Anabaptist men. The original ship manifest and name of the ship may be lost; however, the Quarterly Arrival lists have preserved the names and approximate arrival times. (See the list of names with comments and questions below.)

As did many arriving immigrants, both Salzman and Schrock families left Baltimore and traveled to Lancaster Co., PA, where they stayed for a short while. It is difficult to find information about this time period as they were in transit and between census records, probably living with other Anabaptists who served as hosts until the immigrant families were able to move on to their intended destinations.

NATURALIZATION

Michael took his family on to Butler Co., Ohio, and in June of 1840, Michael, with sons Michael, Andrew, and John, standing before the Court of Common pleas of the Court of Butler in the State of Ohio, “declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States and renounce all allegiance to the King of France, of whom he was then a subject.” In the September Term of 1842 Michael and his sons were given citizenship. As a matter of law at that time, when the men of the family were given citizenship the women were automatically included. Two witnesses declared that Michael had resided within the United States upwards of five years and within the State of Ohio and County of Butler upwards of one year; and during that time he had behaved as a man of good moral character.  In the same September Term of 1842 Michael’s son Peter, with sons Michael, John and Christian, was also given citizenship and two years later, in the September Term of 1844 son Christian, after declaring his intention in 1842, was also given citizenship. ³⁷

In 1850 we find Michael living in Lemon Township with wife Magdalena, and children Andrew, Phoebe, and John—next door to daughter Catherine and John Schrock, and near daughter Jacobina and her Staker in-laws.

LAND PURCHASE

In 1796 the Ohio Company had set aside Section 29 in each of the 10 townships of its second purchase for the support of religion. Most of Ohio’s early immigrants were religious and this supported their desire to worship and teach their religious beliefs to their children. Ohio was the only state in the Union, other than a few small mission sites in the West, where Congress gave land for the support of religion.

The State of Ohio was authorized by Congress in 1833 to sell or rent unused parts of each Section 29. The money from sales was invested, and churches within the boundaries of the original township received the interest and rent income until 1968. ³⁸

Michael, along with son-in-law John Schrock, purchased and lived on this “ministerial” land between the Miami Rivers in Section 29, Lemon Township, which they had purchased from the State of Ohio. Michael’s purchase was for 81 and 34/100 acres for which he paid $813.40. He made the final payment in July 1855. ³⁹ This land lies along present-day Salzman Road. (See map above.)

Michael stayed in Butler Co. even after several of his children including Catherine and John Schrock moved away. He and his family continued to live in the Amish community with long-time friends and family from France and worshipped with the more conservative group of Amish sometimes led by neighbor Peter Schrock, John’s brother.

IMPENDING DEATH

Recognizing the importance of having his affairs in order, in 1855 Michael put together a will ⁴⁰ for his family, naming son Andrew as executor and son John as trustee of funds for minor grandchildren. Realizing he was nearing the end of his earthly life Michael filed a codicil to his will about ten months before his death, removing Andrew who had moved away and naming Jacob Hittell of the city of Hamilton, Ohio, as executor. Monetary designations for the heirs were:

Death finally came to Michael 30 Nov 1861. When wife Magdalena died fourteen years later, she was buried along side Michael in Lot 2, Section 3, Mound Cemetery, Butler Co., OH.

PROBATE RECORDS

Probate records ⁴¹ reveal that John Long received $21 for Michael’s coffin and services. M. Doell (?) received $8 for “oil cloth coat needed for funeral of Michael Salzman.” Mound Cemetery (Rich Davies) was paid $26.25 (presumably for the lot) and $2.50 for interment of the body. Dr. D. R. Dyche submitted a bill totaling $25 for services on 16 different days during October 1861, no doubt for medical attention during Michael’s final sickness before death.

On 3 Feb 1862, an inventory ⁴² of personal property gave the value as $215.32. Items included 1 milk cow, $15; 1 kitchen cupboard, $10; 2 blankets and quilt coverlet, $12; 1 bed and bedstead and bedding, $24; 1 keg wine and 1 barrel vinegar, $8; a note against Andrew McCleary for $56, which was declared “of doubtful value.”

Son John was sworn in 1904 that he had carried out his duty as guardian of funds for Michael’s grandchildren (children of Marie Russell) and had paid all that was due under the terms of the will. The funds were distributed to Mrs. Carrie Hill, C. M. Igleberger (Eichelberger), Mary C. Allen, Harry Igleberger, L.F. Igleberger, M. Elizabeth Russell and Leah L. Russell. ⁴³

So ends the chronicles of my great, great, great, great grandfather Michael Salzman.

________________________________________________________________________

ENDNOTES

¹ Death record, Petit-Tenquin, LDS Film #1979095
² Death record, Albestroff, LDS Film #1858646
³ Ibid.
⁴ The birth dates of children Michel, Pierre, Catherine, Madeleine and Barbe are known from a declaration made by their father
at Sarralbe Dec. 26,1801, found on LDS Film 1982659.
⁵ Marriage record, Albestroff, LDS Film #1858646
⁶ See Endnote 4
⁷ Marriage record, Sarrebourg, LDS Film #1980413
⁸ See Endnote 4
⁹ Marriage record, Rhodes, LDS Film #1980413
¹⁰ Birth record, Petit Tenquin, LDS Film #1979095
¹¹ Marriage record, Grostenquin, LDS Film #1896920
¹² Birth record, Petit Tenquin, LDS Film #1979095
¹³ Marriage record, Val de Gueblange-les-Sarralbe, LDS Film 1897073
¹⁴ Butler County, Ohio Naturalization records Sept 1840
¹⁵ The Salzman, Troyer, and King Families, Copyright 1969 by Ann Farrier
¹⁶ Birth record, Sarralbe, LDS Film #1981659
¹⁷ Birth date taken from marriage documents
¹⁸ Marriage record, Sarralbe, LDS Film #1981660
¹⁹ Death record, Forbach, LDS Film #1895129
²⁰ Birth record of Pierre not found
²¹ Birth record, Sarralbe, LDS Film #1981660
²² Known from ship list and Michael Salzman’s will
²³ Birth record, Forbach, LDS Film #1895129
²⁵ Michael Saltzman information and photo provided by Bill Burr, “The Burr Family of England and USA” website.
²⁶ Marriage record, Albestroff, LDS Film #1858646
²⁷ Ibid.
²⁸ Birth record, Bistroff, LDS Film #1860456
²⁹ Birth record, Bistroff, LDS Film #1882991
³⁰ Ibid.
³¹ Known from Michael Salzman’s will and Mennonites of Butler Co., Ohio by Grubb
³² Ibid.
³³ Farrier
³⁴ Known from Michael Salzman’s will and Mennonites of Butler Co., Ohio by Grubb
³⁵ Baltimore Arrivals Index, LDS Film #1376178
³⁶ Butler County, Ohio Naturalization records Sept 1842, p. 135; Sept 1844, p. 285
³⁷ http://www.shelbycountyhistory.org/schs/immigration/landeducatrelig.htm
³⁸ Deed Book No. 26, p. 111, Butler County, OH (1854-55)
³⁹ Will filed 1861
⁴⁰ Probate record File Box 99, #02380
⁴¹ Inventory #668 Vol. 3, Page 450
⁴² Probate record

For several months in 2004/2005 I was in contact with Joseph Staker, who was researching his Staker connections in Tazewell County. These connections include many Amish Mennonite families with names such as Salzman, Schrock, Birkey, Zehr, Schertz, Engel, Garber, Roth, Ropp and Farney. Since there is interconnectedness in our family lines we worked together to decipher connections from original documents and collected works. Joe has done the footwork of ordering and reading film after film of French civil records. I added what I could to his findings. He has done a great service in connecting so many of the families of Tazewell County and surroundings. His family document is online. (The link is on my Home Page.) I thank Joe especially for leading me to the ship list with the names of my Schrock and Salzman immigrants.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SHIP LIST- Quarterly Abstract April 1-June 30, 1831- Le Havre to Baltimore
Passengers from France:

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by Donna Schrock Birkey
Originally published in the Winter 2002 issue (Vol. XXIX, No. 4)
Illinois Mennonite Heritage Quarterly (http://www.imhgs.org)
(Used with permission of original publisher)

(Additional information has been found about the Johannes Schrock family since this 2002 article and that information is reflected in other sections of the website.)

As I became interested in genealogy twenty-some years ago I realized that both of my parents’ histories were waiting to be found. My mother’s Park family came from England. However, the little information I had ended in Missouri and was sketchy at best. My father’s Schrock ancestors were all Swiss German Anabaptists, but I was not aware that my immigrant third great grandfather Johannes had ever been traced beyond his 1801 birth somewhere in France. Now, after some serious searching, help from many “cousins”, the Internet, and LDS films, I ‘ve become acquainted with my Park relatives back to Sir John Park who was married in Frith, England and died in 1606; and the Schrock connections (with a few specific gaps) go back to Nicklaus in Wynigen, Switzerland in the 1600s.¹ How far I have come and how interesting it has been!

My research for Schrock/Schrack/Schrag family members took a great leap forward several years ago after making several contacts that provided new clues. Thus, using all my present (admittedly incomplete) information, this article will focus on Johannes, his immediate birth family, his own children, and my direct line to him. In addition to the genealogical connections I have included stories highlighting the character and lives of my Schrock ancestors as they effected, and were affected by the Mennonite community in Illinois.

French Beginnings

Johannes Schrock (Jean Schrack) grew up during the Napoleonic War and was educated in French.² He was the son of Joseph Schrack,³ a miller by trade. Joseph married Marie Engel 13 August 1798 at Gosselming, France.⁴ Their son Joseph, who had been born 8 June 1799 in Gondrexange, died there at the age of five and one half on 9 Feb 1805.⁵ Before 1801 Marie Engel died (perhaps as a result of child birth) and Joseph had married a second time to Marie’s half sister, Marie Neuhauser.⁶

The first born of Joseph’s second wife was John (Johannes) in 1801. In 1802 Joseph is still living in Gondrexange, reporting the birth of a third son Peter (Pierre) on 15 June.⁷ A fourth son Andrew (André) was born in the same village on 8 Jan 1804.⁸ Later, in a location yet unknown to me, two daughters were born: Magdalena⁹ and Barbara.¹⁰

In Blamont on 4 Aug 1826,¹¹ Johannes married Catherine Elizabeth Salzman, born 28 Oct 1804 in Sarralbe, died March 1858 in Illinois.¹²

1831 Immigration

Shortly after the death of his father Joseph, Johannes and Catherine and their two small children Joseph and Catherine, came to America in 1831. They sailed in the spring from the port of Le Havre, France, and after forty-four days disembarked in Baltimore, Maryland.¹³ One account passed down from generation to generation reports that as they neared the end of their boisterous trip across the Atlantic Ocean their food supply was completely exhausted. In order to keep up their strength to complete the voyage they boiled leather straps from the rigging of the ship to make broth.

Along with the unsettling and sometimes unwelcome cultural changes the families experienced while moving from one country to another, there was a number of resulting name revisions. The Schrags of Switzerland and Germany became the Schracks/Gerarrds¹⁴ of France, and eventually the Schrocks of America.

Butler County, Ohio (1832-1850)

From Baltimore Johannes took his family to Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Later, in 1832 they joined Johannes’ brother Peter in Butler County, Ohio,¹⁵ and lived among the settlement of Amish Mennonite immigrants. After settling on land in Section 29 of Lemon Township,¹⁶ the same section in which his father-in-law Michael Salzman and his brother Peter lived, Johannes rented a mill and managed it successfully. Milling was his profession in Lorraine, following in his father Joseph’s occupation. While in Butler County Johannes applied for and received citizenship.¹⁷

Brother Peter, fully settled on his Fairview Farm, was satisfied to stay in Ohio where he married and raised seven children, served as minister in the Augspurger congregation and died in 1887. But the Amish Mennonites in mid-Illinois sent back to Butler County stories of a growing new West where acres were cheap and crops abundant. Curious, Johannes took three horses and traveled from Trenton, Ohio, to Pekin, Illinois, to have a look. He liked what he saw. Leaving one horse there, Johannes drove the other two back to the Buckeye State and told his anxious wife Catherine that they were going to Illinois. So, late in 1850 he prepared to move his wife and five children to a farm in Tazewell County near Pekin. They left behind two small graves.¹⁸

Putting Down Roots in Illinois

In the fall of 1850 Johannes and Catherine took the family, except for Joseph, to Cincinnati. From there they traveled by boat down the Ohio River to Cairo, Illinois, and then up the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers to Pekin.¹⁹ This was the same route taken in 1831 by a group of Amish from Alsace Lorraine when they settled in Wesley City just a few miles south of the present East Peoria–the first Amish community west of Ohio. Joseph, the oldest child at age 22, drove through with the horses, cattle and what goods they had. Perhaps Johannes had worked out a land deal with Benjamin Newkirk on his exploratory journey, for on December 26, 1850 a deed was recorded for the purchase of three tracts totaling 161 acres in Sections 9, 16, and 20 of Elm Grove Township. For these acres Johannes paid $2000.

Comments about Johannes, his wife Catherine and family appeared in a Pekin-area newspaper at the time of their son John’s death in 1935, describing how they “…farmed, subduing wild land with patent industry until at his decease they were surrounded by numbers of broad acres well cultivated and supporting numerous fine domestic animals. During life they were members of the old Amish Church, and died in that communion. The father entered into his rest in his seventy-fourth year and the mother in her fifty-seventh. The family located in a log house on what is now the Allen Miller farm five miles east of Pekin. They were made at home by the Mennonites here and kindly neighbors; and because they were honorable and thrifty, they prospered.” Johannes died near Pekin, Illinois, 21 Jan 1875, at the age of 74 and is no doubt buried in Railroad Cemetery near Pekin, although no stone is visible. One would assume that Catherine is buried there as well. In 1876 the heirs of Johannes sold two parcels of land, and included as an heir was widow Jacobina Schrock.²⁰

At least three of his siblings also migrated to Tazewell County: Johannes’ sister Magdalena and her husband Christian Smith, his brother Andrew who married Anna Oyer, and sister Barbara who married Joseph “Red Joe” Belsley.

Each of Johannes’ and Catherine’s living children found their unique place in the New World: Joseph, b. 1828; ²¹ Catherine, b. 1829; ²² Johannes, b. 1834, died in infancy; Jacobina, b.1836, died in infancy; Peter, b.1839; John, b.1843; ²³ and Magdalena, b.1845. ²⁴

Peter Schrock (1839-1922) A Kind and Compassionate Man

Johannes’ son Peter was my great great grandfather. Pete and Jennie Schrock write in their book, Just Pete: “The fifth child, Peter, was a very kind, compassionate man. Peter seemingly wasn’t able to establish himself as a prosperous farmer like his brother Joseph, or a successful business man like his brother John, but Peter left a legacy of compassion and kindness to his descendants.

“Peter had long, white whiskers and told one of his grandsons, ‘You’d be a fine feller if you’d let your whiskers grow.’ Of course Pete (the grandson) decided as a little boy that he didn’t like whiskers, and especially if the one who wore whiskers chewed tobacco. Little Pete remembers his grandpa, after he got older, sitting in his big chair in the sitting room with his spittoon by his chair. Peter had a jack knife with the words: ‘Peter Schrock, Fisher, Illinois,’ made in the handle. He used this to cut his chewing tobacco. He also whittled a great deal. Peter raised pigs and kept bees–from 10 to 15 hives.”

Peter was vaguely remembered by his then five-year-old great granddaughter, Eunice Schrock Kandel, “There he sat in his beautiful big leather chair, spitting tobacco juice into an ornate spittoon nearby. And I remember being in the room as he breathed his last breath.”²⁵

Peter’s wife was Anna (Nancy) Garber, youngest of eleven children of John Garber and Eva Caroline Paithe. Nancy died 20 years before her husband and after her death Peter made his home with his daughters in Fisher. The family was part of the East Bend Mennonite Church and Peter’s daughter Ella was baptized there in 1895 and Lena in 1903, both by Peter Zehr.

At the time of Peter’s death from chronic interstitial nephritis in 1922 he was nearly penniless. There was no distribution of funds to his heirs, as it took all the assets to pay remaining debts.²⁶ But he did leave his Bible with records of his family written in German script (see inset).²⁷

Children of Peter and Anna were: Catharina, b. 30 Sep 1860, d. 2 Aug 1861; John, b. 28 May 1862,²⁸ Samuel, b. 16 Jul 1864,²⁹ Joseph, b. 18 Aug 1866,³⁰ Lydia Anna, b. 26 Apr 1868,³¹ Moses, b. 16 Apr 1870, d. Dec 1879, a child nine years of age; Ella, b.17 Nov 1876,32 Lena, b. 20 Aug 1885.³³

John Schrock (1862-1951) Continuing the Legacy–Helping Those in Need

My great grandfather John was the oldest son of Peter and Anna Schrock. He married Mary Birky³⁴ and they had two children, Albert and Fannie.³⁵ John continued the kind, compassionate legacy of his father Peter. He was gentle and soft-spoken, and was a skilled painter of farm buildings in addition to farming. One of John’s granddaughters writes of him:

“John Schrock, my grandfather, was one of the dearest men I ever knew. He was the oldest living child in his family. He had two brothers and three sisters. He had a little brother Moses, who died at about age nine, when Grandpa was about 19. When Grandpa was an old man in his eighties, he still talked about the family’s sadness at giving up little “Mosey.” He had a deep love and concern for his three sisters, one who was separated from her husband, and the other two who had never married. He was so helpful to my mother who had five children and a pastor husband who wasn’t able to help very much with home duties. He was also very much concerned about the wife and children of his only son Albert, who died a premature death. In his quiet way he was an inspiration to his family, and when he died at age 87, it was hard for me to give up this kind man with the smiling face and honest blue eyes.”

Another example of John’s caring spirit was his appointment as conservator of his wife’s brother Amos Birky, who had been judged insane by a Champaign County court. John was appointed in 1898 when Amos was eighteen and served until his death in 1914. Although Amos’ mother cared for him, John was legally responsible for his well being for sixteen years. Later in his life Great Grandpa John Schrock regularly came to our home to prune the grapevines in the garden–just another way of helping his family. And his helpfulness extended to granddaughter Eunice, when he would hoe her large farm garden near Fisher.

Albert Schrock (1886-1917) An Untimely Death

My grandfather Albert Elmer Schrock, was the only son of John and Mary Schrock. In 1907 he married Josephine Yordy.³⁶ The couple moved that year to a farm near Fisher, Illinois, and lived there until Albert became too ill to carry on with farming. There was a sale of farm goods in about 1911, after which the family moved to Colorado with the hope that the climate there would give better health. But after returning to Illinois and spending time at a sanitarium in Ottawa, Albert succumbed to pulmonary tuberculosis, or consumption as it was often called.

His son Orval, seven years old at the time, remembers “on Christmas morning 1916, there on the dining room table were a lot of presents, including some toys. There was no Christmas tree. I think my parents had a feeling that it would be our last Christmas together as a family and, sure enough, fifteen days later on January 9, my father died of tuberculosis. The day of the funeral was very cold and snowy and I remember the horse-drawn hearse with the driver sitting out in the open.”

A newspaper account of Albert’s death reads as follows:
Fisher, Jan. 9–(Special.)–Albert Schrock, well known resident of this community, died this morning at his home, two miles north of the village, after an illness of four years, due to tuberculosis. He had been unusually well of late and arose this morning and kindled a fire and shortly afterward was seized with a hemorrhage and died a short time afterwards. The deceased was a son of John and Mary Schrock and was born on January 13, 1886. He was married about eight years ago to Miss Josephine Yordy, who, with two sons, Elmer and Oliver (sic, Orval), survive, as do also his parents. A sister also survives. He was a prominent member of the Amish church. The funeral will be held on Thursday from the Amish church, Rev. Samuel Gerber, of Morton, conducting the services. Burial will be made in the family lot in the Amish cemetery.

Albert was baptized by Peter Zehr in 1903 and became part of the East Bend Mennonite Church. He had been a good student of the Bible, served as superintendent of the Sunday school, and before his death was considered a candidate for minister, along with Levi Birky and Joseph A. Heiser. In the early Amish Mennonite tradition the pastors of churches were chosen through “the lot,” and that is how Joseph Heiser became minister. Albert’s only sibling was a sister Fannie who had married Joseph and was to become a minister’s wife whether she liked it or not.

Wife Josephine prepared food baskets for the needy. She was instrumental in beginning a women’s “sewing circle” and managed food service when East Bend hosted Illinois Mennonite conferences. Albert and Josephine had three children: Elmer Raymond,³⁷ Orval Leo, and Eunice Lois.³⁸ After her husband’s death Josephine raised the three children with the help of her husband’s family. Later, after the boys were married she worked as housemother at Goshen College and as a practical nurse at Maple Lawn Home in Eureka where she lived her last years.

Orval Leo Schrock (1910-2002) A Long, Honorable Life

My father, born 9 Sep 1910, is the middle child of Albert and Josephine. After his father’s death the family was kept together and financed by the proceeds of a forty-acre farm and the help of neighbors and friends. When sister Eunice was still very young, probably one and one half years old, the family harvested the twenty-acre corn crop by using a large baby buggy equipped to be pulled behind the wagon. Eunice was dressed warmly and put into the buggy. Josephine, Elmer and Orval would husk three rows up and back. Then the boys left for school and Josephine would husk two rows up and back, take the wagon to the crib and put the horses in the barn. In the evening after school the boys finished by scooping the corn into the crib. After completing eight grades in a country school Orval helped his Uncle Joseph Heiser farm his land, and in return his uncle provided the equipment and helped Albert’s family farm their forty acres.

On Dec. 24, 1931, Orval was married to Mae Park³⁹ at the home of her parents. The couple’s first home was on the farm where he had grown up. Those first years were very lean economically; one of Orval’s first jobs paid one dollar a day. In September 1935, Orval and Mae moved to a home that was purchased for $1,100, the home in which they lived 66 years and in which Orval died. He owned and operated Schrock Soil Service for many years.

Rev. C. F. Derstine’s evangelistic meetings held at the East Bend Mennonite Church were influential in Orval’s early spiritual life. Later, in the early 1940’s, evangelist John Kasteline ministered in the community, and the effect was that Orval and his family became more active in Christian service. An organization of laymen that conducted evangelistic tent meetings resulted in the formation of what is now the Gibson City Bible Church. Orval contributed many hours and took a very active part in the leadership of the church. He also developed a keen interest in foreign evangelism and gave liberally to mission work over the years.

In his 91st year and just nine months before his death, Orval and his wife Mae celebrated their 70th wedding anniversary in December of 2001. At his funeral the following August, his wisdom, honesty, unique humor, and most importantly his faithfulness to the Lord were celebrated by relatives and friends who honored his long life.

In Retrospect

At various points along the way during the past 150 years, the family of immigrant Johannes and Catherine Saltzman Schrock directly influenced the forming of the Illinois Mennonite community. Quite a number of descendants of John and Mary Birky Schrock have been and still are involved in Christian ministry of one kind or another within Illinois and far beyond. With my children and grandchildren, I have a heritage to appreciate and a responsibility to continue, both of which have been so well exampled by our ancestors before us. That heritage and responsibility is a commitment to Christ and his church, the building of character in our families, and the use of resources for others and God’s kingdom. Our ancestors were not perfect, but priorities and goals were kept in line with what they believed God’s Word taught. They understood and practiced the Sermon on the Mount, and because of them our lives have been enriched and blessed.
“…I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing children for the iniquity of parents, to the third and the fourth generation of those who reject me. But I lavish my love on those who love me and obey my commands, even for a thousand generations.” (Exodus 20:5,6)

ENDNOTES

¹ Schrag families were identified as “Anabaptists” in several villages of the Emmental as early as 1700. Their civil records go back to the tumultuous 1600s. Near the village of Wynigen, the family nicknamed Schrag probably worked as carpenters or cabinetmakers in addition to being farmers. Two hofs have been identified as Schrag homes: Loumberg and Mistelhof. The Schrags were one of only three prominent Amish names that originate in the Emmental area of Switzerland (along with Troyer and Schwarzentruber). The surname appears in the 1798 listing of “Men of Bern.”

A number of Schrag families moved from their homeland of Switzerland into the Palatine area around Zweibrucken, Germany, where there were relative peace and opportunities for work, perhaps going there by way of the Jura region. They lived on various hofs in the Palatinate, including Heckenaschbacherhof and Kaplaneyhof. The royal family of Zweibrucken owned several estates surrounding the city, and this is where the Mennonites and Amish are known to have lived. The Zweibrucken Schrag families emigrated to America at various times and by a number of routes: before 1840, via the Palatinate, northern Alsace and Lorraine, and after 1870, via Volhynia, Russia.

Caspar Schrag, son of Niklaus, was born in Wynigen, Switzerland, in 1685. He must have left for Germany early 1700s, for he lived on Ingweilerhof near Zweibrucken in 1761. He had two brothers, Ulrich and Hans. The second Caspar was born after the Anabaptist Schrag families left Switzerland and while they lived in Zweibrucken, Germany, on the Ingweilerhof. He married Elisabeth Weiss, and had at least two brothers, Ulrich and Johannes. In his book, Amish Mennonites in Germany, Hermann Guth writes, “In a list of Anabaptists in the Staatsarchiv in Bern, Switzerland, two brothers, Christian (b.1729) and Bendicht Schrag (b.1731), sons of Ulrich Schrag (b. 1687), are named in 1765. They move from Wynigen-Leumberg in Switzerland to the Munstertal. About this time Schrags of Zweibrucken were already living here. Ulrich Schrag (b. 1710), who is leaseholder (Bestander) on the Ernstweilerhof in 1735, was a son of Caspar Schrag (b. 1685). A Caspar Schrag is on the Ingeweilerhof in 1761. It is not clear whether these two individuals were father and son or brothers; the author assumes the latter. In that case, they would both be sons of Caspar Schrag (b.1685), the father of Ulrich Schrag (b.1710), who does not otherwise appear in the Palatinate. The…arrangement of descendants of the two brothers has not been proven and is based in part on assumptions.”

The third Caspar is found at Ernstweilerhof near Zweibrucken, with a sister, Elizabeth. Not much is known about his family. The fourth Casper married Barbe Ruvennach (secondly Marie Blaiser) and was the father of Joseph Schrag, grandfather of Johannes the immigrant.

² Johannes (Jean) Schrack was born in Gondrexange according to his marriage document. However, LDS Film #01896605 does not contain his birth record. Even though his father Joseph and Marie Engel’s son Joseph was born and died in Gondrexange, and his brothers Peter and Andrew were born there (all these records are on the film), the death of Marie Engel, the marriage of Joseph to Marie Neuhauser (Nayhauser), and the birth document of Johannes I have not found. The birth date used by other Schrock family researchers heretofore has been 17 Aug 1801, but the marriage document states otherwise.

³ Joseph was born in about 1772/4 at Bellegrade, and died in Rhodes, France, in 1830. The farm “la Bellegrade” is near Bistroff and the lake Bischwald. The “moulin (mill) de Bischwald” existed from 1682 to 1857 and was situated between the lake and the farm. His family spent at least several years there, since we know Joseph’s brother Jean was living at the mill in 1798. At the time of Jean’s marriage Joseph was a miller at the “moulin” de Bachats near Rhodes. At the time of his son Jean’s marriage Joseph was a miller at the “moulin de Bachats” near Rhodes.

⁴ According to her marriage record Marie was born at Alking, a farm near Gosselming, the daughter of Christian Engel and Catherine Rothzeeker. Marie was 26 years of age when she married 25-year-old Joseph. Witnesses to the marriage were Jean Schrag (brother of Joseph), Jean Kamp, Jean Neuhauser (stepbrother of Marie), and Sebastian Ohmer. After the death of her husband Christian Engel, Catheirne Rothzeeker married Nicolas Neuhauser. Their daughter Marie became Joseph’s second wife.

⁵ LDS Film 01896605, Civil Records of Gondrexange, Moselle, France. Birth was recorded 20 prairial an 7.

⁶ After the death of her husband Christian Engel, Catherine Rothzeeker married Nicolas Neuhauser. It seems likely that it was their daughter Marie who became Joseph’s second wife. This relationship between Marie Engel and Marie Neuhauser has not been proven, but is very likely.

⁷ Pierre Schrack birth record (16 floreal an 10) LDS Film 01896605, Civil records of Gondrexange, Moselle, France. Peter settled and remained in Butler Co., Ohio. He married first Magdalena Zimmerman, and second Magdalena Rediger. His son Peter married Elizabeth Augspurger,
granddaughter of well-known Butler Co., Ohio pioneer, Christian Augspurger. The Augspurger family opened their home to many migrating Amish who used Butler County as a stopping place before moving further west. They were known for their hospitality.

⁸ Andre Schrack birth record (14 nivose an 12) LDS film 01896605, civil records of Gondrexange, Moselle, France. Andrew married Anna Oyer and lived in Tazewell Co., Illinois. One night during 3857 Andrew stayed wtih a neighbor who had cholera. The same night he became sick with the disease and died before morning, leaving a family of small children, the oldest sixteen and the youngest born after his death. In August of 1857 Johannes and son Joseph, along with Peter Guth, signed a $10,000 bond at the appointment of Anna Schrock as guardian of the minor children.

⁹ Magdalena Schrack, and Christian Schmidt her husband, moved to Illinois from Butler Co., Ohio. In 1848 they sold their five acres in Lemon Township (situated within an 80-acre plot Peter had purchased in 1845) to Magdalena’s brother Peter. In Illinois they lived near Congerville with seven children. During the cholera epidemic of 1855, Christian died in his log cabin home. Three days later Magdalena died, followed by the death of her nineteen-year-old daughter Barbara and a few hours later by her six-year-old son John, leaving four orphaned children.

¹⁰ Barbara Schrack married Joseph Belsley, and although I have not yet documented the marriage, the most likely husband is “Red Joe” born 28 Mar 1802 in Rhodes, France. It is not known whether Barbara and Joseph married in France or in America. They had one child, Christian, and Barbara died while he was very young. Red Joe later married Barbara Engel, daughter of Bishop Christian Engel.

¹¹ 6 brumaire an 13, LDS Film #1981660. Daughter of Michael Saltzmann and Catherine Hirgi, granddaughter of Michael Saltzman and Catherine Weiss.

¹² At the time of their marriage Jean was living in Blamont and Catherine in Bistroff. Andre Chertz, age 33, uncle of the bride by marriage, was a witness.

¹³ To my knowledge, the record of the ship passage to Baltimore has not been found. I have searched several films of Baltimore arrivals to no avail. However, there is a ship that arrived in Baltimore on June 30, 1831, carrying Johannes’ father-in-law and his family. It would seem that Johannes and Catherine might have come on the same ship, but I have not found their names. There is oral tradition in the family about a brother Joseph who immigrated to America with family members in 1831, but during the confusion in the days after arrival in port became separated from them and was not heard from again. We will probably never know whether this was a deliberate act of someone who desired to be independent and self-sufficient, or, more likely, became prey to the many unscrupulous predators of unsuspecting immigrants. Either way, it must have been a devastating blow to the family, and imagine their pain in having to leave Baltimore without Joseph. (More research is needed to document this brother Joseph. Joseph, son of his father’s first marriage, died at age five, so he cannot be the one who disappeared. But there is the possibility that another son, named Joseph, was born in the second marriage to Marie Neuhauser. However, that has not been determined at this date. )

¹⁴ At least one line of the Schrag family in France became known as Gerard. Andreas (1777/80-1848), son of Andreas Schrag, took the surname Gerard, kept by his descendants in France. His son, Andreas, who came to America was known here as Andrew Schrock.

¹⁵ Butler Co., Ohio, 1840 census record.
¹⁶ A Butler Co., Ohio, land deed shows Johannes’ 81 acres in Section 29 was sold to John Shirtz (Shertz) in 1855 for $569.24.

¹⁷ In 1842 Johannes recorded his (and one son 15 years of age) intention to become an American citizen. On this document his name was given as John Schrock. Then, in September 1844, he renounced his allegiance to the King of France at Hamilton, Ohio, with Michael Salzmann, his father-in-law, and Jacob Taylor acting as character witnesses.

¹⁸ Johannes (b. 11 Jul 1834 – d. 12 Oct 1835); Jacobina (b.23 Aug 1836 – d. 12 Sep 1837) Are these the two infants buried in the Butler Co., Ohio, Mennonite Cemetery, Lot 48, listed as “Two unknown children died migrating West?” Or, do they rest in the earlier Mennonite burial ground established on Jacob Augspurger’s farm near Trenton in 1817?

¹⁹ The family was still in Butler Co., Ohio, at the end of October 1850, as they were listed as family number 1316, dwelling 1175 on the census schedule. Catherine’s father, stepmother and siblings were family number 1317, dwelling 1176.

²⁰ I had never seen mention of a second marriage by Johannes, so the fact that he had a widow listed as an heir was a complete surprise when I found the record last October at the Tazewell County Recorder’s office. How long would it take to find out who this Jacobina was? After a day in the Pekin area I kept an appointment with Steve Estes the next morning in Metamora. I told Steve about my discovery and with a bit of collaboration it turned out that my Johannes was the answer to one of Steve’s mysteries—the “who-is-this-John Schrock” husband of Jacobina “Phebe” King! They were married in 1861 in McLean County.

²¹ “Joseph Schrock, a well-to-do and successful farmer and stock-raiser of Montgomery Township…village of Congerville, which was begun in the spring of 1888, is situated on a portion of his farm…when a child in Ohio in the summer assisted on the farm and in the mill, thus acquiring a practical knowledge of agricultural matters, and getting a good insight into business transactions while an employee in his father’s mill. He was of legal age, but unmarried, when he came to this state. While a resident of Tazewell County, he was united in marriage with the lady of his choice, Miss Magdalena Guingrich…Mr. and Mrs. Schrock are good, intelligent German people, industrious, thrifty, and provident, and although not mingling in political matters, yet make excellent citizens, and are worthy members of the New Amish Church.” Joseph’s land first became a small village named Schrock, but later it was changed to Congerville, according to the booklet “Along the Line.” For information on Joseph’s family see Joseph Gingerich (1804-1875) of Woodford County, by Ardys Serpette, Illinois Mennonite Heritage,Winter 2001, page 62.

²² Catherine married Joseph Oyer.
²³ John married Barbara Rediger. At his death a Pekin, IL newspaper wrote of him: “As John grew older he worked out in saw mills, gristmills, and brickyards. He could do a tremendous day’s work, even in the days when a big day’s work was expected of all men. He himself carried from the sawmill every tie and plank for the first bridge over the river here–the Peoria, Pekin & Jacksonville R.R. bridge. Three men would be assigned to such a job nowadays and work only half as many hours. They told of him that he could cut with an axe and rack five cords of wood in a day. Four men wouldn’t want to do that today.
“In 1876, Mr. Schrock bought the home east of Pekin in which the first child born in that home still lives. He is Edward Schrock, president of the Farm Bureau. The family looks to it as the old family home.

“In 1903, the sons built a nice home at 714 South Ninth Street for the parents and they moved to town. There they lived in comfort. Mrs. Schrock died on Aug. 3, 1911. Although Mr. Schrock was near 70 then, he has clung to life for 24 years more. He was a man of excellent character, good habits, and moral strength, and to this is attributed his long years. Three years ago on his 89th birthday, he spaded in his garden. On his 90th birthday the family gathered for a great reunion and celebration, but he took pneumonia that day. None expected him to survive; but he lived; and he even weathered another attack of pneumonia this winter. Even till yesterday he was up; but two strokes had weakened him and death came to him quietly at 7:15 this morning in his 93rd year.
“Death of Mr. Schrock removes one of the links with Pekin’s pioneer past. He lived in the day when pigeons came in flocks that shut out the sun; when wild turkey were in abundance; and deer were to be shot in the woods. The turn of his life has seen the coming of the modern age; but thru it all there has been no change in the fact that a man of honor and honest and clean living thrives best. His children today rise up to bless his memory.

²⁴ Magdalena married Joseph Yoder.
²⁵ Early Memories. Unpublished manuscript by Eunice Schrock Kandel.
²⁶ Probate records, Champaign Co., Illinois.
²⁷ The Bible is presently in the possession of great great grandchild, Al Schrock.
²⁸ Died 28 July 1951.

²⁹ Samuel married Ellen Zendner and his story can be found the the book, “Just Pete.” Samuel lived in Fisher until 1907 when his family moved to Colorado. He died in 1943 in Thurman.

³⁰ Joseph married Anna Salomi King. He died in 1947 in Bryan, Ohio.
³¹ Lydia Anna married Christian Eicher. Chris developed a drinking problem and after the birth of two girls he disappeared and was never heard from again. Lydia then lived with her sisters in Fisher and was cared for by her family. At her death on 6 Feb 1938 she had been an invalid for nearly seven years, following a stroke of paralysis.

³² Ella never married. She died in 1951 in Gibson City, IL.
³³ Lena never married. She died in 1950 in Fisher, IL. She and Ella owned and operated a boarding house in Fisher and worked as the village telephone operators.

³⁴ Daughter of Andrew and Veronica Sutter Birky, who were among the first families to move from Tazewell County to Champaign County. Andrew purchased land and donated a small tract to be used as a cemetery, which became the present East Bend Mennonite Cemetery. It happened that Andrew was the first to be buried there and all following descendents mentioned in this article are buried in that same cemetery.

³⁵ Fannie was born 18 Jul 1889, died 17 Dec 1950.
³⁶ Daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth Roeschley Yordy, born 14 Aug 1886, died 3 Jan 1977.

³⁷ Elmer taught school for some time, then owned and operated a feed mill business in Fisher. He married Mabel Zehr. In 1936, Elmer and Samuel M. Zehr started the annual Bible School at East Bend Mennonite Church. Elmer was also on the first publication committee for the East Bend Trumpet in 1945. After the death of Mabel he married Eileen Bruehl Heiser. He died 11 Dec 1989 in Montgomery, AL.

³⁸ Born five months after the death of her father, on 25 June 1917. As a young girl Eunice lived at the “old people’s home” in Eureka where her mother worked. Since she really never had a “home” she always took along a plaque that Grandmother Mary Schrock had given her: “Home is Where the Heart is.” After graduating from Goshen College and while teaching in Ohio, Eunice met and married Olen Kandel. She taught school in Fisher for many years. On March 15 of this year Eunice died following an accident on the way to Illinois from Florida.

³⁹ Daughter of Grover and Effie Park. The Park family from Missouri was integrated into the Mennonite community as a direct result of kindly neighbors, including the Schrock family, and the wonderful singing they heard on Sunday mornings as they fished from the Sangamon River bridge near the church. Another daughter, Mamie, married Roy Cender.

Sources

Johannes Schrock, his Children and Grandchildren. Unpublished manuscript received from Willard Smith
The Schrag-Schrock Family. Unpublished manuscript edited by Eugene C. Schrock, 1996
Early Memories. Unpublished manuscript by Eunice Schrock Kandel
Just Pete, c.1980 by Pete and Jennie Schrock
Amish Mennonites in Germany, by Hermann Guth, c.1995 Masthof Press
Both Sides of the Ocean, by Virgil Miller, c.2002 Masthof Press
Correspondence with and articles by Virgil Miller
Mennonite Family History
Illinois Mennonite Heritage